Objectives. As the scope of personal data transmitted online continues to grow, national legislatures are increasingly regulating the storage and processing of digital information. This paper raises the problem of protecting personal data and other confidential information such as bank secrecy or medical confidentiality of individuals. One approach to the protection of confidential data is to depersonalize it, i.e., to transform it so that it becomes impossible to identify the specific subject to whom the data belongs. The aim of the work is to develop a method for the rapid and safe automation of the depersonalization process using machine learning technologies.

Methods. The authors propose the use of artificial intelligence models to implement a system for the automatic depersonalization of personal data without the use of human labor to preclude the possibility of recognizing confidential information even in unstructured data with sufficient accuracy. Rule-based algorithms for improving the precision of the depersonalization system are described.

Results. In order to solve this problem, a model of named entity recognition is trained on confidential data provided by the authors. In conjunction with rule-based algorithms, an F1 score greater than 0.9 is achieved. For solving specific depersonalization problems, a choice between several implemented anonymization algorithm variants can be made.

Conclusions. The developed system solves the problem of automatic anonymization of confidential data. This opens an opportunity to ensure the secure processing and transmission of confidential information in many areas, such as banking, government administration, and advertising campaigns. The automation of the depersonalization process makes it possible to transfer confidential information in cases where it is necessary, but not currently possible due to legal restrictions. The distinctive feature of the developed solution is that both structured data and unstructured data are depersonalized, including the preservation of context.

Objectives. Fast data analysis based on hidden patterns is one of the main issues for adaptive artificial intelligence systems development. This paper aims to propose and verify a method of such analysis based on the representation of data in the form of a quantum state, or, alternatively, in the form of a geometric object in a space allowing online machine learning.

Methods. This paper uses Feynman formalism to represent quantum states and operations on them, the representation of quantum computing in the form of quantum circuits, geometric transformations, topological classification, as well as methods of classical and quantum machine learning. The Python programming language is used as a development tool. Optimization tools for machine learning are taken from the SciPy module. The datasets for analysis are taken from open sources. Data preprocessing was performed by the method of mapping features into numerical vectors, then the method of bringing the data to the desired dimension was applied. The data was then displayed in a quantum state. A proprietary quantum computing emulator is used (it is in the public domain).

Results. The results of computational experiments revealed the ability of very simple quantum circuits to classify data without optimization. Comparative indicators of classification quality are obtained without the use of optimization, as well as with its use. Experiments were carried out with different datasets and for different values of the dimension of feature spaces. The efficiency of the models and methods of machine learning proposed in the work, as well as methods of combining them into network structures, is practically confirmed.

Conclusions. The proposed method of machine learning and the model of quantum neural networks can be used to create adaptive artificial intelligence systems as part of an online learning module. Free online optimization learning process allows it to be applied in data streaming, that is, adapting to changes in the environment. The developed software does not require quantum computers and can be used in the development of artificial intelligence systems in Python as imported modules.

Objectives. The aim of the work is to study the surface roughness of the current-carrying topology and dielectric of the upper (Top Layer) and lower (Bottom Layer) sides of microwave modules manufactured using additive three-dimensional printing technology when prototyping prototypes of microwave modules on a 3D printer of DragonFly 2020 LDM multilayer printed circuit boards.

Methods. Methods of metallographic analysis in bright and dark fields, surface roughness profiling, and computer modeling were used.

Results. Experimental samples of microstrip microwave elements of modules of multilayer boards of a given configuration, telemetry sensors, printed circuit board (PCB) antennas were obtained. The topological and radiophysical features of the additively formed upper and lower surface layers of experimental samples of boards of strip modules were studied. Optical profilogram measurements of the roughness of the outer sides of the board were carried out at 10 points, amounting to 2 µm for the upper layer of the topology and 0.3 µm for the lower layer; the average grain size of the dielectric base was determined at 0.007 mm2. The roughness of the conductive topology and upper side dielectric was shown to correspond to an accuracy class of 6–7, while the roughness of the microstrip conductive topology and the dielectric of the lower side of the board corresponds to an accuracy class of 10–12.

Conclusions. It is established that an uneven formation of the lower and upper strip layers of the printed module can affect the inhomogeneity of the distribution of radiophysical parameters (dielectric permittivity, surface conductivity, etc.), as well as the instability of the structural (adhesion ability, thermal conductivity, etc.) characteristics of the strip module, which must be taken into account when prototyping devices using inkjet 3D printing technology, including when adapting Gerber projects of PCB modules created for classical board production technology.

Objectives. The increased reliability of radioelectronic facilities can be achieved by the application of structural and load redundancy. Structural redundancy is achieved taking into account multiplicity of redundancy and the intensity of failures of elements of radioelectronic facilities, while load redundancy involves an easing of electrical, thermal, and mechanical operating modes of the elements. The choice of a redundancy method is determined according to reliability indicator requirements, which may often be contradictory. Therefore, the problem of how to effectively combine structural redundancy and load redundancy methods is very topical. In long-life radioelectronic facilities, for example, in satellite communication repeater systems, sliding redundancy is applied when limiting mass-dimensional parameters and consequently consumed energy. The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of sliding redundancy according to various reliability indicators when altering redundancy multiplicity, reserve operating mode, element failure intensity, and switching device type.

Methods. To describe the structure of a complex sliding redundancy system, a logical-probabilistic method is used, in which the dependence of the system reliability indicators on the reliability indicators of the elements is formulated as a logical function of operability. Graph-analytical methods are used to compare different variants of reliability logic schemes.

Results. Mathematical models have been obtained to evaluate the effectiveness of sliding reservation. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of sliding redundancy with a loaded and unloaded reserve was carried out in terms failure-free operation probability, as well as gamma-percentage resource, failure rate when changing the fractional multiplicity of the redundancy, and element failure rate. The influence of the reliability of the switching device on the efficiency of the sliding redundancy is considered.

Conclusions. Practical recommendations on the selection of the redundancy mode are presented according to different reliability indices and constructed mathematical models of the sliding redundancy efficiency coefficients. The correlation between the reliability indices of elements and the switching device whose reliability can be discounted, is determined. To increase the efficiency of sliding redundancy of radioelectronic facilities, it is necessary to combine multiplicity of redundancy and the operating mode of the reserve with approaches aimed at reducing the intensity of failure of elements.

Objectives. Programmable logic integrated circuits of the field programmable gate array (FPGA) type based on static configuration memory are widely used in the electronics of onboard spacecraft systems. Under the influence of space radiation, errors may occur in the FPGA configuration memory. The main methods of protection against such errors involve various options for reservation triggers, as well as the use of error-correcting codes in special error detection and correction circuits. The purpose of the present work is to determine which error-correcting codes are best suited to the implementation of internal scrubbing of the FPGA configuration memory taking redundancy into account.

Methods. The paper analyses various methods for scrubbing FPGA configuration memory, which are used to correct errors caused by the action of space radiation. It is proposed to increase the efficiency of internal scrubbing of the FPGA configuration memory using codes that correct both single- and double-adjacent SEC-DED-DAEC errors. In this case, the need to perform external scrubbing of the configuration memory is reduced by overwriting it with a reference configuration from non-volatile radiation-resistant memory; in this way, FPGA downtime caused by the external scrubbing procedure is reduced. Due to the known SEC-DED-DAEC codes having a non-zero probability of erroneous detection and subsequent erroneous correction of a double non-adjacent error, as well as various redundancy and implementation complexities, a study was made of the most efficient code for internal scrubbing.

Results. The results showed that the Datta, Neale and Hoyoon–Yongsurk codes are optimal from the indicated positions. Recommendations are given for selecting a specific code depending on the specific requirements for a particular planned space mission.

Conclusions. The study confirms the effectiveness of protecting the memory of programmable logic by using two-error-correcting codes.

Objectives. The relevance of the study of magnetoelectric (ME) effect in ring ferromagnetic–piezoelectric heterostructures is due to the possibility of creating various ME devices having improved characteristics. A detailed investigation of the nonlinear ME effect in a ring composite heterostructure based on lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoceramics and Metglas® amorphous ferromagnetic (FM) alloy under circular magnetization is presented.

Methods. The ME effect was measured by the low-frequency magnetic field modulation method. Excitation alternating- and constant magnetic bias fields were created using toroidal coils wound on a ring heterostructure for circular magnetization of the FM layer.

Results. When excited with circular magnetic fields in a non-resonant mode, the ME ring heterostructure generates a nonlinear ME voltage of higher harmonics. The field and amplitude dependencies of the first three ME voltage harmonics were investigated. ME coefficients were obtained for the linear ME effect α(1) = 5.2 mV/(Oe·cm), the nonlinear ME effect α(2) = 6 mV/(Oe2·cm), and α(3) = 0.15 mV/(Oe3·cm) at an excitation magnetic field frequency f = 1 kHz. The maximum amplitudes of the 1st and 3rd harmonics were observed at a constant bias magnetic field H ~ 7 Oe, which is almost two times smaller than in planar PZT–Metglas® heterostructures.

Conclusions. A nonlinear ME effect was observed and investigated in a ring heterostructure based on PZT piezoceramics and Metglas® amorphous FM alloy. Due to the absence of demagnetization during circular magnetization of the closed FM layer, nonlinear ME effects are detected at significantly lower amplitudes of the exciting alternating and constant bias magnetic fields as compared to planar heterostructures. The investigated ring heterostructures are of potential use in the creation of frequency multipliers.

Objectives. The investigations of optical radiation sources and metrological detector characteristics in the infrared (IR), visible, and air ultraviolet (UV) spectral regions are partially based on the unique metrological properties of synchrotron radiation. The aim of this work is to develop a high-precision method for determining the storage ring accelerated electron number with synchrotron radiation of a single electron to establish spectroradiometry and photometry units.

Methods. By determining the number of accelerated electrons, any storage ring can be used to calculate the synchrotron radiation characteristics at wavelengths of many large then the critical wavelength in the visible, air UV, and IR regions of the spectrum. This makes it possible to determine the main metrological characteristics normalized to the number of electrons, such as luminous intensity, luminance, illuminance, radiant power, radiance, irradiance, etc., regardless of the energy of the electrons.

Results. When applying the method for determining the number of accelerated electrons at low currents of the electronic storage ring, a total standard deviation of the number of accelerated electrons is less than 0.01% for an exposure range of the CCD matrix from 10−2 to 3 · 103 s in a wide dynamic range of 1−1010 electrons per orbit.

Conclusions. The use of a CCD-based radiometer-comparator calibrated by responsivity on a synchrotron radiation source is particularly relevant in monitoring luminance contrast thresholds and spatial distribution of object and background brightness, as well as determining metrological characteristics of optoelectronic measuring instruments, including CCD cameras, radiometers, spectroradiometers and photometers.

Objectives. The paper describes the creation of a DC/DC converter for powering hollow cathode lamps widely used currently as highly stable sources of spectral lines in spectral absorption analyzers and other applications. Typically, mains power supplies are used for such lamps, since installations using hollow cathode lamps are manufactured as stationary. However, there are no principal obstacles to manufacturing portable versions by simply substituting the power supply. However, special attention should in this case be paid to the power supply of the spectral lamp itself, since the amplitude stability of the radiation depends on the smoothness of its supply voltage. Therefore, the development of the pulse DC/DC converter with high efficiency and low rippling is a relevant and expedient problem.

Methods. The set task is solved by methods of mathematical calculations, circuit simulation in LTSpice XVII сomputer-aided design system, and experimental verification.

Results. The structural and principal electrical circuit of a prototype converter is developed on the basis of a topological analysis of pulse DC/DC converters, along with its calculations and simulation, and a printed circuit board. The developed autonomous high-voltage DC/DC converter has a low ripple level (~250 mV) of the output voltage (~491 V) at a load current of ~20 mA to ensure highly stable radiation.

Conclusions. The possibility of obtaining a high voltage when using the topology of a step-up DC/DC converter with a choke is demonstrated. The experimental verification confirmed the correctness of calculations and modeling of a high-voltage DC/DC converter for powering hollow cathode spectral lamps.

Objectives. The solution to the relevant problem of identifying systems with multiple nonlinearities depends on such factors as feedback, ways of connecting nonlinear links, and signal properties. The specifics of nonlinear systems affect control systems design methods. As a rule, the basis for the development of a mathematical model involves the linearization of a system. Under conditions of uncertainty, the identification problem becomes even more relevant. Therefore, the present work sets out to develop an approach to the identification of nonlinear dynamical systems under conditions of uncertainty. In order to obtain a solution to the problem, an adaptive identification method is developed by decomposing the system into subsystems.

Methods. Methods applied include the adaptive identification method, implicit identified representation, S-synchronization of a nonlinear system, and the Lyapunov vector function method.

Results. A generalization of the excitation constancy condition based on fulfilling the S-synchronizability for a nonlinear system is proposed along with a method for decomposing the system in the output space. Adaptive algorithms are obtained on the basis of the second Lyapunov method. The boundedness of the adaptive system trajectories in parametric and coordinate spaces is demonstrated. Approaches for self-oscillation generation and nonlinear correction of a nonlinear system are considered along with obtained exponential stability conditions for the adaptive system.

Conclusions. Simulation results confirm the possibility of applying the proposed approach to solving the problems of adaptive identification while taking the estimation of the structural identifiability (S-synchronization) of the system nonlinear part into account. The influence of the structure and relations of the system on the quality of the obtained parametric estimates is investigated. The proposed methods can be used in developing identification and control systems for complex dynamic systems.

Objectives. To develop mathematical model representations of the energy effect in non-cylindrical domains having a thermally insulated moving boundary; to introduce a new boundary condition for thermal insulation of a moving boundary both for locally equilibrium heat transfer processes in the framework of classical Fourier phenomenology, as well as for more complex locally non-equilibrium processes in the framework of Maxwell–Cattaneo–Lykov–Vernott phenomenology, taking into account the finite rate of heat propagation into analytical thermophysics and applied thermomechanics; to consider an applied problem of analytical thermophysics according to the theory of thermal shock for a domain with a moving thermally insulated boundary free from external and internal influences; to obtain an exact analytical solution of the formulated mathematical models for hyperbolic type equations; to investigate the solutions obtained using a computational experiment at various values of the parameters included in it; to describe the wave nature of the kinetics of the processes under consideration.

Methods. Methods and theorems of operational calculus, Riemann–Mellin contour integrals are used in calculating the originals of complex images with two branch points. A new mathematical apparatus for the equivalence of functional constructions for the originals of the obtained operational solutions, which considers the computational difficulties in finding analytical solutions to boundary value problems for equations of hyperbolic type in the domain with a moving boundary, is developed.

Results. Developed mathematical models of locally nonequilibrium heat transfer and the theory of thermal shock for equations of hyperbolic type in a domain with a moving thermally insulated boundary are presented. It is shown that, despite the absence of external and internal sources of heat, the presence of a thermally insulated moving boundary leads to the appearance of a temperature gradient in the domain and, consequently, to the appearance of a temperature field and corresponding thermoelastic stresses in the domain, which have a wave character. A stochastic analysis of this energy effect forms the basis for a proposed transition of the kinetic energy of a moving thermally insulated boundary into the thermal energy of the domain. The presented model representations of the indicated effect confirmed the stated assumption.

Conclusions. Mathematical models for locally nonequilibrium heat transfer processes and the theory of thermal stresses are developed and investigated on the basis of constitutive relations of the theory of thermal shock for equations of hyperbolic type in a domain with a thermally isolated moving boundary. A numerical experiment is presented to demonstrate the possibility of transiting from one form of analytical solution of a thermophysical problem to another equivalent form of a new type. The described energy effect manifests itself both for parabolic type equations based on the classical Fourier phenomenology, as well as for hyperbolic type equations based on the generalized Maxwell–Cattaneo–Lykov–Vernott phenomenology.