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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2024-12-5-77-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GTXQII</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-983</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модели симметричных трехслойных волноводных структур с градиентной сердцевиной и нелинейно-оптическими обкладками</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Models of symmetric three-layer waveguide structures with graded-index core and nonlinear optical liners</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7158-9145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савотченко</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savotchenko</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савотченко Сергей Евгеньевич, д.ф.-м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры высшей математики, Институт кибербезопасности и цифровых технологий</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603577988, ResearcherID N-9227-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey E. Savotchenko, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor, Professor of the High Mathematics Department, Institute for Cybersecurity and Digital Technologies</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454 </p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603577988, ResearcherID N-9227-2018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savotchenkose@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><elocation-id>77–89</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Савотченко С.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савотченко С.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savotchenko S.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/983">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/983</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Выявление закономерностей дисперсионных свойств волноводных мод оптического диапазона в слоистых средах с распределенными оптическими характеристиками представляет собой актуальную и важную задачу, имеющую фундаментальное и прикладное значение в нелинейной оптике и оптоэлектронике. Сочетание нелинейного отклика и градиентных распределений оптических свойств соседних слоев слоистой структуры дает возможность легко подобрать требуемые значения выходных характеристик с помощью широкого ряда управляющих параметров, что делает такие волноводы наиболее перспективными с точки зрения возможных технических приложений. Цель работы – развитие теории трехслойных плоских волноводных структур с градиентной сердцевиной и нелинейно-оптическими обкладками с произвольными профилями, в рамках которой представляется возможным нахождение точных аналитических решений нелинейных стационарных волновых уравнений, описывающих в явном виде поперечное распределение электрического поля волноводных мод. Методы. Использованы аналитические методы математической физики и теории специальных функций применительно к нелинейной и волноводной оптике.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведено теоретическое описание поперечных стационарных волн, распространяющихся вдоль плоской симметричной трехслойной волноводной структуры, состоящей из внутреннего градиентного слоя, зажатого между нелинейно-оптическими обкладками, причем пространственный профиль диэлектрической проницаемости прослойки и вид нелинейного отклика среды обкладок предполагаются произвольными. Сформулирована математическая модель такой волноводной структуры на основе нелинейных уравнений с распределенными коэффициентами. Получены решения, описывающие в общем виде поперечное распределение амплитуды огибающей электрического поля. В силу поперечной симметрии трехслойной волноводной структуры в ней могут возбуждаться четные и нечетные стационарные моды, соответствующие симметричным и антисимметричным поперечным профилям поля. Разработан метод построения четных (симметричных) и нечетных (антисимметричных) решений, существующих при определенных дискретных значениях эффективного показателя преломления / константы распространения. Такие дискретные спектры получены в слоях с градиентными линейным, параболическим и экспоненциальным профилями. В качестве примера применения сформулированной теории детально проанализирован случай симметричной трехслойной волноводной структуры, внутренний градиентный слой которой характеризуется параболическим пространственным профилем, а внешние обкладки представляют собой керровские нелинейно-оптические среды. На основе анализа полученного точного аналитического решения установлено, что напряженность электрического поля для основной моды и моды первого порядка увеличивается с ростом параметра параболического профиля, характеризующего относительное изменение диэлектрической проницаемости в прослойке, однако уменьшается для мод более высоких порядков.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Развитая в данной работе теория позволяет наглядно описать в явном аналитическом виде поперечные распределения стационарного электрического поля в плоских симметричных трехслойных волноводах. Полученные результаты расширяют представления о физических свойствах нелинейных волн и закономерностях локализации световых пучков в распределенных средах и могут быть полезными для разработки различных оптических волноводных устройств.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. Determining the patterns of dispersion properties of waveguide modes of the optical range in layered media with distributed optical properties is a both a pressing and significant matter for study. It has fundamental and applied importance in nonlinear optics and optoelectronics. The combination of a nonlinear response and gradedindex distributions of the optical properties of adjacent layers of a layered structure enables the desired values of the output characteristics using a wide range of control parameters to be selected easily. This renders such waveguides the most promising from the point of view of possible technical applications. The aim of this paper is to develop the theory of three-layer planar waveguide structures with a graded-index core and nonlinear optical liners with arbitrary profiles. By doing so it may be possible to find exact analytical solutions to nonlinear stationary wave equations describing explicitly the transverse electric field distribution of waveguide modes.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The analytical methods of mathematical physics and the theory of special functions applied to nonlinear and waveguide optics are used herein.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study provides a theoretical description of transverse stationary waves propagating along a symmetrical three-layer planar waveguide structure consisting of the inner graded-index layer sandwiched between nonlinear optical plates. It assumes an arbitrary spatial profile of the interlayer dielectric constant and the nature of the nonlinear response of the liner medium. The mathematical model of this waveguide structure formulated herein is based on nonlinear equations with distributed coefficients. The solutions obtained describe in general terms the transverse distribution of the amplitude of the electric field envelope. The transverse symmetry of the three-layer waveguide structure enables even and odd stationary modes corresponding to symmetric and antisymmetric transverse field profiles to be excited in it. A method was developed for constructing even (symmetric) and odd (antisymmetric) solutions which exist at certain discrete values of the effective refractive index/propagation constant. These discrete spectra were obtained in layers with graded-index linear, parabolic, and exponential profiles. The symmetrical threelayer waveguide structure with inner graded-index layer characterized by parabolic spatial profile and outer liners as Kerr nonlinear optical media is analyzed in detail, as an example of the application of the formulated theory. Analysis of the resulting exact analytical solution indicates that the electric field strength for the fundamental and first-order modes increases with increasing parabolic profile parameter, characterizing the relative change of the dielectric constant in the interlayer, while decreasing for higher order modes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The theory developed in this paper supports the unambiguous description of the transverse distributions of the stationary electric field in planar symmetrical three-layer waveguides in an explicit analytical form. The results extend the understanding of the physical properties of nonlinear waves and the localization patterns of light beams in distributed media, and may be useful in the design of various optical waveguide devices.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слоистая структура</kwd><kwd>слоистый волновод</kwd><kwd>оптический волновод</kwd><kwd>нелинейная оптика</kwd><kwd>оптическая нелинейность</kwd><kwd>градиентный слой</kwd><kwd>нелинейные волны</kwd><kwd>керровские нелинейно-оптические среды</kwd><kwd>управляемые волны</kwd><kwd>волноводная мода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>layered structure</kwd><kwd>layered waveguide</kwd><kwd>optical waveguide</kwd><kwd>nonlinear optics</kwd><kwd>optical nonlinearity</kwd><kwd>gradedindex layer</kwd><kwd>nonlinear waves</kwd><kwd>Kerr nonlinear optical media</kwd><kwd>guided waves</kwd><kwd>waveguide mode</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao Y., Yang Y., Sun H.B. 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