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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2021-9-2-7-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-297</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ. ИНФОРМАТИКА. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION SYSTEMS. COMPUTER SCIENCES. ISSUES OF INFORMATION SECURITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Некоторые формализованные подходы  к оценке удобства интерфейса пользователя  веб-приложений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Formalized approaches to assessing the usability  of the user interface of web applications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8935-4248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басок</surname><given-names>Б. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basok</surname><given-names>B.M M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Басок Борис Моисеевич, к.т.н., доцент кафедры Математического обеспечения и стандартизации информационных технологий Института информационных технологий ФГБОУ ВО</p><p>119454, Россия, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>Author ID: 6602074818, ResearcherID: X-6744-2019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris M. Basok,  Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Department of Mathematical Software and Standardization of Information Technology, Institute of Information Technology</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454 </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6602074818, Researcher ID: X-6744-2019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basok@mirea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2150-7236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Френкель</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frenkel</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Френкель Сергей Лазаревич, к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>119333, Россия, Москва, ул. Вавилова, д. 44-2</p><p>Author ID: 36865996500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey L. Frenkel, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher</p><p>44-2, Vavilova ul., Moscow, 119333 </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 36865996500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fsergei51@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center Computer Science and Control</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Басок Б.М., Френкель С.Л., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Басок Б.М., Френкель С.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Basok B.M., Frenkel S.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/297">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/297</self-uri><abstract><p>Предлагается подход, основанный на применении математических методов моделирования поведения проектируемого веб-приложения и поведения пользователя. Данный подход позволяет оценить удобство применения приложения. Рассматриваются модели интерфейсов пользователей (ИП), применяемые для оценки удобства навигации по сайту. Показывается возможность использования двух классов моделей ИП: структурно-логических (онтологических) и вероятностных. Модели первого класса используются для оценки степени понятности предлагаемой ИП навигации по поисковому веб-ресурсу в принятых терминах. Для этого используются математически-определенные меры сходства между элементами ИП и их связями и элементами гипотетической (но правдоподобной) модели представлений пользователя об области поиска в заданной предметной области.</p><p>В частности, в работе обосновывается возможность использования в качестве таких мер сходства лексикографических метрик расстояния Жаккара и Левенштейна. Вероятностные модели основаны на цепях Маркова. С помощью данных моделей при наличии надежных статистических данных, собранных при опытной эксплуатации веб-приложения или его прототипа, предлагается оценить среднее число шагов пользователя, необходимое для решения конкретной задачи поиска информации об объекте предметной области. В работе приводятся некоторые рекомендации по использованию мер подобия для улучшения удобства использования ИП веб-приложений. Кроме того, приводятся данные о технике оценки вероятностей переходов цепей Маркова и семантических связей. Для пояснения особенностей предлагаемых в статье моделей анализа ИП приводится сайт Приемной комиссии РТУ МИРЭА (https://priem.mirea.ru/) с довольно простой организацией, обеспечивающей поиск информации о поступлении и обучении в Университете. Применение описанного в статье подхода наряду с традиционными методами тестирования удобства использования ИП позволит повысить общий уровень юзабилити приложений и тем самым сократить затраты на выявление и исправление связанных с этим ошибок.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper proposes an approach based on the use of mathematical methods for modeling the behavior of the designed web application and user behavior. This approach allows an evaluation of the usability of this application. The paper discusses the models of user interfaces (UI), which are used to assess the convenience of site navigation. The possibility of using two classes of UI models is shown – structural-logical (ontological) and probabilistic. Models of the first class are used to assess the degree of comprehensibility of the proposed UI navigation on the search web resource in the accepted terms. For this, mathematically defined measures of similarity between the elements of the UI and their relationships and the elements of a hypothetical (but plausible) model of the user’s perception of the search area in a given subject area are used. In particular, the paper substantiates the possibility of using Jaccard and Levenshtein lexicographic distance metrics as such measures of similarity. Probabilistic models are based on Markov chains. With the help of these models, in the presence of reliable statistical data collected during the trial operation of a web application or its prototype, it is proposed to estimate the average number of user steps required to solve a specific problem of finding information about a subject area object. The paper provides some recommendations on the use of similarity measures to improve the usability of the UI of web applications. In addition, data on the technique for estimating the probabilities of transitions of Markov chains and semantic connections are presented. To clarify the features of the UI analysis models proposed in the article, the website of the RTU MIREA Admission Committee (https://priem.mirea.ru) is provided with a fairly simple organization that provides a search for information about admission and training at the University. The application of the approach described in the paper, along with traditional methods of testing the usability of UI, will increase the overall level of usability of applications, and thereby reduce the cost of identifying and correcting related errors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>веб-приложение</kwd><kwd>юзабилити-тестирование</kwd><kwd>онтология</kwd><kwd>цепи Маркова</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>web application</kwd><kwd>usability testing</kwd><kwd>ontology</kwd><kwd>Markov chains</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при частичной финансовой поддержке РФФИ (проекты 18-07-00669 и 18-29-03100).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Басок Б.М., Рожанская А.Н., Френкель С.Л. О тестировании удобства использования веб-приложений. 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