<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2016-4-3-27-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ТЕПЛОВОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ТЕРАГЕРЦОВОГО КВАНТОВОГО-КАСКАДНОГО ЛАЗЕРА НА ОСНОВЕ НАНОГЕТЕРОСТРУКТУРЫ GaAs/AlGaAs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THERMAL MODELLING OF TERAHERTZ QUANTUM-CASCADE LASER BASED ON NANOHETEROSTRUCTURES GaAs/AlGaAs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глинский</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glinskiy</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">glinskiy.igor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зенченко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zenchenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальцев</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maltsev</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский технологический университет (МИРЭА)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Technological University (MIREA)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Глинский И.А., Зенченко Н.В., Мальцев П.П., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Глинский И.А., Зенченко Н.В., Мальцев П.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Glinskiy I.A., Zenchenko N.V., Maltsev P.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/22">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/22</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе проведено моделирование тепловых процессов терагерцового квантово-каскадного лазера (ТГц-ККЛ) на основе наногетероструктуры GaAs/AlGaAs с двойным металлическим волноводом методом конечных элементов в условиях постоянного и импульсного режимов питания. Получено распределение температуры в ТГц-ККЛ. Проведено моделирование ТГц-ККЛ с термокомпрессионным соединением наногетеро- структуры и подложки на основе In-Au, Au-Au и Cu-Cu. Получена зависимость максимальной температуры от ширины активной области ТГц-ККЛ. Исследованы температурные режимы лазера в зависимости от параметров импульсного режима питания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This work presents the result of a simulation of thermal processes in a terahertz quantum cascade laser (THz QCL) based on GaAs/AlGaAs nanoheterostructure with a bimetal waveguide. A simplified model of THz QCL was built. Model simplifications of THz QCL were justified. The temperature distribution and maximum temperature values in the active region were obtained for different duty cycles and for various active region sizes with proportional heat generation change. Different types of bonding of the active region and substrate were simulated. According to the results a conclusion about the optimal duty cycle and frequency for the pulse mode were formulated. The time-to-stationary mode for different pulse width was calculated. The maximum temperature gradient in THz QCL was calculated.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>источник ТГц-излучения</kwd><kwd>терагерцовый квантово-каскадный ла- зер</kwd><kwd>двойной металлический волновод</kwd><kwd>тепловое моделирование</kwd><kwd>метод конечных эле- ментов</kwd><kwd>тепловое распределение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>THz source</kwd><kwd>terahertz quantum-cascade laser</kwd><kwd>bimetal waveguide</kwd><kwd>thermal modelling</kwd><kwd>finite elements method</kwd><kwd>heat distribution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohler R., Tredicucci A., Beltram F., Beere H.E. Terahertz semiconductor-heterostructure laser // Nature. 2002. № 417. P. 156-159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohler R., Tredicucci A., Beltram F., Beere H.E. Terahertz semiconductor-heterostructure laser // Nature. 2002. № 417. P. 156-159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rochat M., Ajili L., Willenberg H., Faist J., Beere H., Davies G., Linfield E., Ritchie D. Low-threshold terahertz quantum-cascade lasers // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002. V. 81. P. 1381-1383.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rochat M., Ajili L., Willenberg H., Faist J., Beere H., Davies G., Linfield E., Ritchie D. Low-threshold terahertz quantum-cascade lasers // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002. V. 81. P. 1381-1383.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tredicucci A., Capasso F., Gmachl C., Sivco D.L, Hutchinson A.L., Cho A.Y. High performance interminiband quantum cascade lasers with graded superlattices // Appl. Phys. Lett. 1998. V. 73. P. 2101-2103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tredicucci A., Capasso F., Gmachl C., Sivco D.L, Hutchinson A.L., Cho A.Y. High performance interminiband quantum cascade lasers with graded superlattices // Appl. Phys. Lett. 1998. V. 73. P. 2101-2103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wanke M., Capasso F., Gmachl C., Tredicucci A. Injectorless quantum-cascade lasers // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001. V. 78. P. 3950-3952.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wanke M., Capasso F., Gmachl C., Tredicucci A. Injectorless quantum-cascade lasers // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001. V. 78. P. 3950-3952.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams B.S., Callebaut H., Kumar S., Hu Q. 3.4-THz quantum cascade laser based on longitudinal-optical-phonon scattering for depopulation // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003. V. 82. P. 1015-1017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams B.S., Callebaut H., Kumar S., Hu Q. 3.4-THz quantum cascade laser based on longitudinal-optical-phonon scattering for depopulation // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003. V. 82. P. 1015-1017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams B.S. Terahertz quantum-cascade lasers // Nature Photonics. 2007. № 1. P. 517-525.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams B.S. Terahertz quantum-cascade lasers // Nature Photonics. 2007. № 1. P. 517-525.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. 186 K operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers based on a diagonal design // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009. № 9. P. 131105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. 186 K operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers based on a diagonal design // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009. № 9. P. 131105.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fathololoumi S., Dupont E., Chan C.W.I., Wasilewski Z.R., Laframboise S.R., Ban D., Matyas A., Jirauschek C., Hu Q., Liu H.C. Terahertz quantum cascade lasers operating up to ~200 K with optimized oscillator strength and improved injection tunneling // Optics Express. 2012. V. 20 (4). P. 3866-3876.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fathololoumi S., Dupont E., Chan C.W.I., Wasilewski Z.R., Laframboise S.R., Ban D., Matyas A., Jirauschek C., Hu Q., Liu H.C. Terahertz quantum cascade lasers operating up to ~200 K with optimized oscillator strength and improved injection tunneling // Optics Express. 2012. V. 20 (4). P. 3866-3876.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evans C.A., Indjin D., Ikonic Z., Harrison P., Vitiello M.S., Spagnolo V., Scamarcio G. Thermal modeling of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers: Comparison of optical waveguides // IEEE J. Quantum Electronics. 2008. V. 44. № 7. P. 680-685.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evans C.A., Indjin D., Ikonic Z., Harrison P., Vitiello M.S., Spagnolo V., Scamarcio G. Thermal modeling of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers: Comparison of optical waveguides // IEEE J. Quantum Electronics. 2008. V. 44. № 7. P. 680-685.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar S., Williams B.S., Kohen S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. Continuous-wave operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers above liquid-nitrogen temperature // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004. V. 84. P. 2494-2496.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar S., Williams B.S., Kohen S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. Continuous-wave operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers above liquid-nitrogen temperature // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004. V. 84. P. 2494-2496.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams B.S., Kumar S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. Operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers at 164 K in pulsed mode and at 117 K in continuous-wave mode // Optics Express. 2005. V. 13. № 9. P. 3331-3339.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams B.S., Kumar S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. Operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers at 164 K in pulsed mode and at 117 K in continuous-wave mode // Optics Express. 2005. V. 13. № 9. P. 3331-3339.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гареев Г.З., Лучинин В.В. Терагерцовые системы и технологии (обзор современ- ного состояния). СПб.: СПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ», 2015. 228 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гареев Г.З., Лучинин В.В. Терагерцовые системы и технологии (обзор современ- ного состояния). СПб.: СПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ», 2015. 228 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohen S., Williams B.S., Hu Q. Electromagnetic modeling of terahertz quantum cascade laser waveguides and resonators // J. Appl. Phys. 2005. № 97. P. 053106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohen S., Williams B.S., Hu Q. Electromagnetic modeling of terahertz quantum cascade laser waveguides and resonators // J. Appl. Phys. 2005. № 97. P. 053106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belkin M.A., Fan J.A., Hormoz S., Capasso F., Khanna S.P., Lachab M., Davies A.G., Linfield E.H. Terahertz quantum cascade lasers with copper metal-metal waveguides operating up to 178 K // Optics Express. 2008. V. 16. № 5. P. 3242-3248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belkin M.A., Fan J.A., Hormoz S., Capasso F., Khanna S.P., Lachab M., Davies A.G., Linfield E.H. Terahertz quantum cascade lasers with copper metal-metal waveguides operating up to 178 K // Optics Express. 2008. V. 16. № 5. P. 3242-3248.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hugi A., Maulini R., Faist J. External cavity quantum cascade laser // Semiconductor Science and Technology. 2010. № 25. P. 083001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hugi A., Maulini R., Faist J. External cavity quantum cascade laser // Semiconductor Science and Technology. 2010. № 25. P. 083001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wittmann A., Bonetti Y., Fischer M., Faist J., Blaser S., Gini E. Distributed-feedback quantum-cascade lasers at 9 μm operating in continuous wave up to 423 K // IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 2009. V. 21. № 12. P. 814-816.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wittmann A., Bonetti Y., Fischer M., Faist J., Blaser S., Gini E. Distributed-feedback quantum-cascade lasers at 9 μm operating in continuous wave up to 423 K // IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 2009. V. 21. № 12. P. 814-816.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glinskii I.A., Zenchenko N.V. Computer simulation of the heat distribution element for high-power microwave transistors // Russian Microelectronics. 2015. V. 44. № 4. P. 236-240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glinskii I.A., Zenchenko N.V. Computer simulation of the heat distribution element for high-power microwave transistors // Russian Microelectronics. 2015. V. 44. № 4. P. 236-240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глинский И.А., Рубан О.А., Алёшин А.Н., Зенченко Н.В., Мельников А.А. Расчет тепловых режимов HEMT-транзисторов на основе гетероструктуры AlGaN/GaN // Нано- и микросистемная техника. 2014. № 11. С. 43-48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Глинский И.А., Рубан О.А., Алёшин А.Н., Зенченко Н.В., Мельников А.А. Расчет тепловых режимов HEMT-транзисторов на основе гетероструктуры AlGaN/GaN // Нано- и микросистемная техника. 2014. № 11. С. 43-48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зенченко Н.В., Рубан О.А., Алёшин А.Н., Глинский И.А., Мельников А.А. Моде- лирование нестационарных тепловых режимов HEMT-транзистора // Нано- и микроси- стемная техника. 2014. № 12. С. 3-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Зенченко Н.В., Рубан О.А., Алёшин А.Н., Глинский И.А., Мельников А.А. Моде- лирование нестационарных тепловых режимов HEMT-транзистора // Нано- и микроси- стемная техника. 2014. № 12. С. 3-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blakemore J.S. Semiconducting and other major properties of gallium arsenide // J. Appl. Phys. 1982. V. 53. № 10. P. R123-R181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blakemore J.S. Semiconducting and other major properties of gallium arsenide // J. Appl. Phys. 1982. V. 53. № 10. P. R123-R181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cetas T.C., Swenson C.A., Tilfor C.R. // Phys. Rev. Ser. 2. 1968. V. 174. P. 835.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cetas T.C., Swenson C.A., Tilfor C.R. // Phys. Rev. Ser. 2. 1968. V. 174. P. 835.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carlson R.O., Slack G.A. Silverman S.J. Thermal conductivity of GaAs and GaAsl-zPz laser semiconductors // J. Appl. Phys. 1965. V. 36. № 2. P. 505-507.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carlson R.O., Slack G.A. Silverman S.J. Thermal conductivity of GaAs and GaAsl-zPz laser semiconductors // J. Appl. Phys. 1965. V. 36. № 2. P. 505-507.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams B.S., Kumar S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. High-power terahertz quantum-cascade lasers // Electronics Letters. 2006. V. 42. № 2. P. 89-91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams B.S., Kumar S., Hu Q., Reno J.L. High-power terahertz quantum-cascade lasers // Electronics Letters. 2006. V. 42. № 2. P. 89-91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http://www.trlsys.ru/products_cryo_closed.shtml.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http://www.trlsys.ru/products_cryo_closed.shtml.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
