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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2020-8-2-67-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка VaR при негауссовом распределении доходностей активов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>VAR assessment under nongaussian distribution of returns</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барышева</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barysheva</surname><given-names>A. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барышева Александра Евгеньевна, аспирант Инженерной школы ядерных технологий ТПУ (634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, д. 2); программист-аналитик компании ООО «ЭКО – ТОМСК» (634034, Томск, пр. Ленина, д. 60/1, оф. 401)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra E. Barysheva, Postgraduate Student, School of Nuclear Science &amp; Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (2, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk); lead of model validation department in «Econophysica» Ltd. (Agency Court, Ferry Works, Summer Road, Thames Ditton, Surrey KT7 0QJ, United Kingdom)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandramelnikk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марков Александр Сергеевич, кандидат физико-математических наук, руководитель направления валидации математических моделей</p><p>634034, Томск, пр. Ленина, д. 60/1, оф. 401</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Markov, Cand. Sci. (Physico-Mathematical), lead of model validation department</p><p>Agency Court, Ferry Works, Summer Road, Thames Ditton, Surrey KT7 0QJ, United Kingdom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мицель</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitcel</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мицель Артур Александрович, доктор технических наук, профессор Инженерной школы ядерных технологий</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur A. Mitcel, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor, School of Nuclear Science &amp; Engineering</p><p>2, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет; ООО «ЭКО – ТОМСК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; «Econophysica» Ltd.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ЭКО – ТОМСК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«Econophysica» Ltd.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барышева А.Е., Марков А.С., Мицель А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барышева А.Е., Марков А.С., Мицель А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barysheva A.Е., Markov A.S., Mitcel A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/212">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/212</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей работе особый акцент сделан на изучении практического влияния нарушения предположения о нормальности доходностей активов на оценку риска инвестиционного портфеля. В качестве меры риска рассматривается рекомендуемая к расчету для крупных финансовых организаций метрика Value at Risk (VaR). На примере акций российских компаний показано, что доходности активов в реальности имеют распределение, отличное от Гауссова. Показано, что эмпирическое распределение доходностей рассматриваемых активов согласуется с распределением Джонсона. Обоснованность заключения подкрепляется результатом статистического теста Колмогорова – Смирнова. Предложенные авторами тесты позволили оценить потерю в точности оценки параметров модели авторегрессии методом максимального правдоподобия, при нарушении предположения о нормальности распределения доходностей активов. Было выявлено, что потеря в точности оценки меняется в интервале [22%; 26%] для абсолютных доходностей и [33%; 38%] для относительных доходностей при изменении параметра авторегрессии в интервале [–0.9; 0.9]. Погрешность в расчёте десятидневного VaR рассчитывалась на уровнях значимости 1% (99%) и 5% (95%). Результаты тестов показали, что на уровне значимости 5% (95%) оценка риска через метрику VaR, полученная в предположении о нормальности распределения доходностей активов, ниже истинного значения на 7% (6%) для абсолютных доходностей и 4% (13%) для относительных, что говорит о сильной недооценке риска портфеля. На уровне значимости 1% оценка риска является консервативной, превышая истинное значение на 12% (19%) для абсолютных (относительных) доходностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study aims to assess the impact of violation of the assumption about normality of the investment portfolio returns on its risk measures. The article is focused on the Value at Risk (VaR) metric required by major regulatory authorities for bank risk assessment. Using historical share prices of several Russian companies it is shown that the assumption about returns normality is not supported by statistical tests. It is also shown that the empirical distribution of the assets returns is described by Johnson’s distribution. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test supports the obtained results. The tests proposed by the authors allow estimating the loss in accuracy in parameters calibration of the autoregressive model, obtained by using the maximum likelihood method when the asset returns have non-gaussian distribution. It was found that the loss in the accuracy lies in the range [22%, 26%] for absolute returns and in the range [33%, 38%] for relative returns depending on the autoregression parameter which varies in the range [–0.9, 0.9]. The error of ten-day VaR estimation was calculated for 1% (99%) and 5% (95%) significance levels. At a significance level of 5% (95%) the VaR metric obtained under the assumption that the asset returns have normal distribution is lower than the true value by 7% (6%) for absolute returns and 4% (13%) for relative returns, which indicates strong underestimation of the portfolio risk. At a significance level of 1% the metric is conservative exceeding the true value by 12.5%.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>VaR</kwd><kwd>распределение Джонсона</kwd><kwd>портфельное инвестирование</kwd><kwd>оценка параметров ММП</kwd><kwd>имитационное моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>testing</kwd><kwd>ripples</kwd><kwd>integrated circuit</kwd><kwd>DC–DC converter</kwd><kwd>charge pump</kwd><kwd>inverter</kwd><kwd>flying capacitor</kwd><kwd>LDO</kwd><kwd>burst and constant frequency modes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указание Банка России от 15 апреля 2015 г. 3624-У «О требованиях к системе управления рисками и капиталом кредитной организации и банковской группы» (с изменениями и дополнениями).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bank of Russia, Guideline 3624-U "On the requirements for the risk management and capital management system of a credit institution and a banking group" (with amendments and additions). 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Газетова М.А. 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