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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2019-7-5-30-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РОБОТИЗИРОВАННЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ И СИСТЕМЫ. ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ НЕРАЗРУШАЮЩЕГО КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MULTIPLE ROBOTS (ROBOTIC CENTERS) AND SYSTEMS. REMOTE SENSING AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обзор аппаратно-программного обеспечения систем управления роботов различного масштаба и назначения. Часть 1. Промышленная робототехника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A review on control systems hardware and software for robots of various scale and purpose. Part 1. Industrial robotics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры биокибернетических систем и технологий Института кибернетика,</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, д. 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Chair of Biocybernetics Systems and Technologies, Institute of Cybernetics, </p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanov@mirea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА - Российский технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романов А.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романов А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/170">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/170</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе представлен обзор роботов различного масштаба и назначения. В ходе обзора анализируются применяемые аппаратные и программные решения и обобщаются наиболее распространенные структурные схемы систем управления. По результатам обзора проводится анализ подходов к масштабированию систем управления, применению алгоритмов интеллектуального управления, обеспечению отказоустойчивости, снижению массогабаритных размеров элементов систем управления, свойственных для разных классов роботов. Целью работы является поиск общих подходов, применяемых в различных областях робототехники для построения на их основе единой методологии проектирования масштабируемых интеллектуальных систем управления робототехническими комплексами с заданным уровнем отказоустойчивости на унифицированной элементной базе. Данная часть обзора посвящена промышленной робототехнике. По результатам проведенного обзора и анализа сделаны следующие выводы: масштабирование в промышленной робототехнике достигается за счет использования модульного принципа построения систем управления и типорядов основных компонентов; групповое взаимодействие нескольких промышленных роботов организуется за счет централизованного глобального планирования или использования заранее созданных и промоделированных управляющих программ, исключающих возможные коллизии при работе нескольких роботов в одной рабочей зоне; интеллектуальные технологии в промышленной робототехнике находят применение в первую очередь на стратегическом уровне системы управления, который, как правило, исполняется вне режима реального времени, а в отдельных случаях вынесен из блока управления роботом в виде удаленного облачного сервиса; с точки зрения обеспечения отказоустойчивости, разработчики в первую очередь сфокусированы на заблаговременном предсказании неисправностей и плановом выводе робота из эксплуатации, а не на сохранении его работоспособности в случае каких-либо сбоев; промышленная робототехника не предъявляет серьезных требований к массогабаритным размерам устройств управления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A review of robotic systems is presented. The paper analyzes applied hardware and software solutions and summarizes the most common block diagrams of control systems. The analysis of approaches to control systems scaling, the use of intelligent control, achieving fault tolerance, reducing the weight and size of control system elements belonging to various classes of robotic systems is carried out. The goal of the review is finding common approaches used in various areas of robotics to build on their basis a uniform methodology for designing scalable intelligent control systems for robots with a given level of fault tolerance on a unified component base. This part is dedicated to industrial robotics. The following conclusions are made: scaling in industrial robotics is achieved through the use of the modular control systems and unification of main components; multiple industrial robot interaction is organized using centralized global planning or the use of previously simulated control programs, eliminating possible collisions in working area; intellectual technologies in industrial robotics are used primarily at the strategic level of the control system which is usually non-real time, and in some cases even implemented as a remote cloud service; from the point of view of ensuring fault tolerance, the industrial robots developers are primarily focused on the early prediction of faults and the planned decommissioning of the robots, and are not on highly-avaliability in case of failures; industrial robotics does not impose serious requirements on the dimensions and weight of the control devices.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>робототехника</kwd><kwd>промышленные роботы</kwd><kwd>системы управления</kwd><kwd>мобильные роботы</kwd><kwd>манипуляторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>robotics</kwd><kwd>industrial robots</kwd><kwd>control systems</kwd><kwd>mobile robots</kwd><kwd>manipulators</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Неретина Е.А., Бочкина О.Н. 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