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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2026-14-3-106-114</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RKATXE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-1541</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЕ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENT ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимальная конструкция электродов для микроминиатюрной электронной оптики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimal electrode design for microminiature electronic optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-7883</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Павел Сергеевич, к.т.н., заместитель начальника экспериментального комплекса микроэлектроники и микромеханических систем</p><p>Scopus Author ID 58513707600 </p><p>129226, Москва, пр-т Мира, д. 125</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel S. Kuznetsov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Head of the Experimental Complex of Microelectronics and Micromechanical Systems</p><p>Scopus Author ID 58513707600 </p><p>125, Mira pr., Moscow, 129226</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ps_kuznetsov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5579-3509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синельников</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinelnikov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синельников Антон Олегович, к.т.н., доцент, кафедра «Нанотехнологии и микросистемная техника»</p><p>Scopus Author ID 55382453500, ResearcherID AAC-2606-2022</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton O. Sinelnikov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associated Professor, Basic Department “Nanotechnology and Microsystem Technology”</p><p>Scopus Author ID 55382453500, ResearcherID AAC-2606-2022</p><p>125, Mira pr., Moscow, 129226</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mr.sinelnikov.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Государственный научно-исследовательский институт приборостроения»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>114</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов П.С., Синельников А.О., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов П.С., Синельников А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov P.S., Sinelnikov A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1541">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1541</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Цель работы – систематический анализ и оптимизация основных конструкционно-технологических характеристик микроминиатюрных электронно-оптических систем для достижения максимальных показателей их работоспособности. В ходе исследования особое внимание уделялось установлению взаимосвязей между геометрическими параметрами системы и ее функциональными характеристиками.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В основе исследования лежит комплексное математическое моделирование динамики электронов в сложной пятиэлектродной схеме, достоверно воспроизводящей реальную конструкцию компактной электронно-лучевой микроколонны. Данный подход позволил установить количественные зависимости критических показателей производительности системы – разрешающей способности и интенсивности электронного пучка – от фундаментальных геометрических параметров: межэлектродных расстояний, конфигурации апертур диафрагм и углового размера выходного отверстия. Основные усилия были сосредоточены на определении оптимальных значений указанных параметров, обеспечивающих минимальный размер фокального пятна при одновременной максимизации энергии пучка.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведенное компьютерное моделирование выявило определяющее влияние каждого компонента пятиэлементной электронно-оптической структуры на формирование качественных характеристик электронного потока. Установлено наличие выраженного минимума диаметра электронного пучка при определенной комбинации геометрических и электрических параметров системы. Обнаруженный оптимум позволил разработать новую методику проектирования и калибровки компактных электронно-лучевых приборов, обеспечивающую достижение максимального разрешения и высокой чувствительности при минимальном энергопотреблении. Детальный анализ продемонстрировал, что оптимальная конфигурация электродов позволяет снизить сферическую аберрацию на 25% по сравнению с традиционными решениями.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Разработанный подход к проектированию электронно-оптических систем микроколонн существенно повышает производительность и расширяет функциональные возможности электронных микроскопов и родственных аналитических приборов. Практическая значимость работы подтверждается возможностью создания устройств с рекордными показателями разрешения при компактных размерах. Важным достижением является установление количественных критериев оптимизации, позволяющих целенаправленно улучшать характеристики электронно-лучевых систем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. The work set out to systematically analyze and optimize the overall design and technological characteristics of microminiature electron-optical systems for achieving maximum performance indicators. The study paid special attention to establishing relationships between the geometric parameters of the system and its functional characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The research is based on comprehensive mathematical modeling of electron dynamics in a complex five-electrode scheme that accurately reproduces the actual design of a compact electron-beam microcolumn. This approach was used to establish the quantitative dependencies of resolution and electron beam intensity critical system performance indicators on fundamental geometric parameters: interelectrode distances, diaphragm aperture configurations, and output angular size. The main efforts focused on determining the optimal parameter values while ensuring minimal focal spot size and simultaneously maximizing beam energy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The computer modeling revealed the determining influence of each component of the five-element electron-optical structure on the formation of qualitative electron flow characteristics. A pronounced minimum in electron beam diameter was established at a specific combination of geometric and electrical system parameters. The thus-obtained optimum was used to develop a new methodology for designing and calibrating compact electron-beam devices that ensures maximum resolution and high sensitivity with minimal power consumption. Detailed analysis demonstrated that the optimal electrode configuration reduces spherical aberration by 25% compared to traditional solutions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The developed design approach for microcolumn electron-optical systems significantly enhances performance while expanding the functional capabilities of electron microscopes and related analytical instruments. The practical significance of the work is confirmed by the possibility of creating devices with record resolution indicators in compact sizes. An important achievement is the establishment of quantitative optimization criteria for enabling targeted improvement of electron-beam system characteristics.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электронно-лучевая микросистема</kwd><kwd>электростатическая оптика</kwd><kwd>микроколонна</kwd><kwd>микролинза</kwd><kwd>эмиттер Шоттки</kwd><kwd>оптимальное проектирование</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>многолучевая литография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electron-beam microsystem</kwd><kwd>electrostatic optics</kwd><kwd>microcolumn</kwd><kwd>microlens</kwd><kwd>Schottky emitter</kwd><kwd>optimal design</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>multi-beam lithography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao X., Fan B., Ma Z., Zhong S., Chen J., Zhang T., Su H. 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