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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2026-14-2-69-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">HEGGBA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-1466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИКРО- И НАНОЭЛЕКТРОНИКА. ФИЗИКА КОНДЕНСИРОВАННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICRO- AND NANOELECTRONICS. CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поиск технологических решений, направленных на снижение количества дефектов изображения в гибридном приборе ближнего инфракрасного диапазона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Search of technological solutions aimed at reducing the number of image defects in a hybrid SWIR device</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-564X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоренков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorenkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоренков Артём Александрович, начальник научно-исследовательского отдела</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Тореза, д. 68, лит. Р.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artyom A. Egorenkov, Head of Scientific Research Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.egorenkov@niielectron.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7160-8308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилова Ирина Владимировна, инженер</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Тореза, д. 68, лит. Р.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Danilova, Enginee</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.danilova@niielectron.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0006-867X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бибинова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bibinova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бибинова Мария Ивановна, инженер-технолог</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Тореза, д. 68, лит. Р.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria I. Bibinova, Enginee</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.bibinova@niielectron.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-1808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челышков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelyshkov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Челышков Сергей Николаевич, инженер</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Тореза, д. 68, лит. Р.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei N. Chelyshkov, Enginee</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.chelyshkov@niielectron.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7248-5852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вязников</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyaznikov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вязников Алексей Николаевич, генеральный директор</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Тореза, д. 68, лит. Р.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexei N. Vyaznikov, CEO</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.vyaznikov@niielectron.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4140-8794</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баталов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batalov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баталов Константин Сергеевич, заместитель начальника научно-исследовательского отдела</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Тореза, д. 68, лит. Р.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin S. Batalov, Deputy Head of the Research Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.batalov@niielectron.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">АО «ЦНИИ «Электрон»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">NRI Electron<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егоренков А.А., Данилова И.В., Бибинова М.И., Челышков С.Н., Вязников А.Н., Баталов К.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егоренков А.А., Данилова И.В., Бибинова М.И., Челышков С.Н., Вязников А.Н., Баталов К.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorenkov A.A., Danilova I.V., Bibinova M.I., Chelyshkov S.N., Vyaznikov A.N., Batalov K.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1466">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1466</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Основная цель работы – уменьшение дефектов изображения, получаемого в гибридном фотоприемнике с диапазоном чувствительности 0.95–1.65 мкм на основе фотокатода из фосфида индия/арсенида галлия-индия (InP/InGaAs). Для этого необходимо улучшить качество поверхности фотокатода перед взрывной фотолитографией, а также обеспечить высокую воспроизводимость фотолитографического процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для достижения поставленной цели проведена серия экспериментов по очистке поверхности и по усовершенствованию технологического процесса взрывной фотолитографии. Для подготовки поверхности опробованы следующие методы: химическое травление поверхности InGaAs, покрытие поверхности фотокатода защитным слоем фоторезиста перед резкой пластины, использование различных способов удаления фоторезиста (в диметилформамиде и плазме), внедрение механической очистки поверхности. Для усовершенствования фотолитографии проведены эксперименты со временем и способами сушки фоторезиста, проведено варьирование режимов экспонирования и проявления, заменен фоторезист.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Изготовленные по усовершенствованной технологии образцы демонстрируют более чем девятикратное снижение среднего процента дефектов от общей площади поверхности фотокатода по сравнению со старыми образцами: с 0.317% до 0.035%. Благодаря улучшению качества поверхности фотокатода изображение в готовом приборе стало более однородным, количество дефектов изображения значительно уменьшилось. Обеспечена высокая воспроизводимость процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Усовершенствованная технология подготовки поверхности, а также уменьшение толщины фоторезиста, используемого во взрывной фотолитографии, привело к увеличению однородности изображения в гибридном приборе, а также к уменьшению дефектов. Предлагаемый подход может быть применен при серийном производстве гибридных высокочувствительных фотоприемников ближнего инфракрасного (ИК) диапазона и позволяет им быть конкурентоспособными с мировыми аналогами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. The primary aim of this study is to minimize image defects in a hybrid photodetector with a sensitivity range of 0.95–1.65 μm, based on an InP/InGaAs photocathode. In order to achieve this, the surface quality of the photocathode must be improved prior to lift-off photolithography. In addition, the photolithographic process must be made highly reproducible.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. In order to achieve this goal, a series of experiments on surface cleaning and improvement of the lift-off photolithography process were conducted. The following surface preparation methods were tested: chemical etching of the InGaAs surface; coating the photocathode surface with a protective photoresist layer before cutting the plate; using various photoresist removal methods (in dimethylformamide and plasma); and mechanical surface cleaning. In order to improve photolithography, experiments were conducted on drying times and photoresist methods, exposure and development modes were varied, and photoresist was replaced.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Samples manufactured using the improved technology demonstrate a more than ninefold reduction in the average percentage of defects on the photocathode surface from 0.317% to 0.035%. Thanks to the improved quality of the photocathode surface, the image in the finished device is more uniform and the number of image defects significantly decreased. The process is highly reproducible.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Improvements in surface preparation technology, coupled with a reduction in the thickness of the photoresist used in lift-off photolithography lead to greater uniformity of images in hybrid devices and fewer defects. The proposed approach can be used for the mass production of high-sensitivity near-infrared hybrid photodetectors, making them competitive with those produced elsewhere.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фотоприемники ближнего ИК-диапазона</kwd><kwd>InP/InGaAs-фотокатод</kwd><kwd>очистка поверхности InGaAs</kwd><kwd>взрывная фотолитография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SWIR photodetectors</kwd><kwd>InP/InGaAs photocathode</kwd><kwd>surface cleaning of InGaAs</kwd><kwd>lift-off photolithography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Криксунов Л.З. Справочник по основам инфракрасной техники. М.: Сов. 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