<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2025-13-5-95-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YKAHQQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-1252</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование теплопереноса в пористой среде с упорядоченной макроструктурой на основе гироида</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Heat transfer in a porous medium having an ordered gyroid-based macrostructure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5014-8167</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Андрей Игоревич, к.т.н., старший преподаватель, кафедра «Промышленная теплоэнергетика»</p><p>443100, Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 244</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57216363622</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 5560-6869</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey I. Popov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Lecturer, Department of Industrial Heat Power Engineering</p><p>244, Molodogvardeyskaya ul., Samara, 443100</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57216363622</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 5560-6869</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popov.ai@samgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-6329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremin</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремин Антон Владимирович, д.т.н., доцент, проректор по интеграционным проектам</p><p>443100, Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 244</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56395547000</p><p>ResearcherID D-6936-2014</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 3892-0775</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton V. Eremin, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of Department of Industrial Heat Power Engineering</p><p>244, Molodogvardeyskaya ul., Samara, 443100</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56395547000</p><p>ResearcherID D-6936-2014</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 3892-0775,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.v.eremin@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попов А.И., Еремин А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попов А.И., Еремин А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popov A.I., Eremin А.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1252">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1252</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Трижды периодические минимальные поверхности – это непересекающиеся поверхности с нулевой средней кривизной, состоящие из повторяющихся в трех направлениях декартовой системы координат элементов. Использование конструкций, основанных на минимальных поверхностях, в теплотехническом оборудовании связано с их преимуществами перед классическими решетчатыми и сотовыми конструкциями, часто применяемыми на практике. Целью работы является исследование теплопереноса при фильтрационном течении несжимаемой жидкости в пористой среде с упорядоченной макроструктурой на основе трижды периодической минимальной поверхности (гироида).</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для решения задачи теплопереноса в пористой среде применяется метод конечных разностей. Для реализации алгоритма метода конечных разностей разработано программное обеспечение Heat Transfer Solver на языке программирования Python.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В рамках настоящего исследования разработано программное обеспечение на языке программирования Python для численного решения методом конечных разностей задачи теплопереноса в пористой среде c упорядоченной макроструктурой. Функционал программы позволяет исследовать динамику процесса теплопереноса и влияние различных параметров на распределение температуры. При помощи данной программы изучен процесс теплопереноса в пористой среде на основе гироида. Получены графические зависимости температуры твердотельного каркаса и жидкости, а также теплового потока от координаты в различные моменты времени. Определены характерные временные интервалы, в которых наблюдается наибольшее абсолютное значение градиента температур.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Результаты работы, включающие как разработанное программное обеспечение, так и зависимости температур, могут найти применение в ряде инженерных задач, где важным является прогнозирование температурного распределения в пористых материалах при различных условиях эксплуатации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. Triply periodic minimal surfaces are non-intersecting surfaces with zero mean curvature, consisting of elements repeating in three directions of the Cartesian coordinate system. The use of structures based on minimal surfaces in heat engineering equipment is associated with their advantages over classical lattice and honeycomb structures, often used in practice. The aim of the work is to study heat transfer during filtration flow in a porous medium of an incompressible fluid having an ordered macrostructure based on gyroid triply periodic minimal surface.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. In order to solve the problem of heat transfer in a porous medium, the finite difference method is used. As a means of implementing the finite difference method algorithm, the Heat Transfer Solver software was developed in the Python programming language.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The described software program was used to obtain a numerical solution of the heat transfer problem in a porous medium with an ordered macrostructure using the finite difference method. The program functionality enables the investigation of the heat transfer process dynamics and the influence of various parameters on the temperature distribution. The program was used to study the heat transfer process in a porous medium based on gyroid triply periodic minimal surface. Graphical dependencies of the solid framework and fluid temperatures, as well as the heat flux on the coordinate at different time steps, were obtained. Characteristic time intervals with the highest absolute temperature gradient values were identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results of the work, including both the developed software and the obtained temperature dependencies, can be used in a number of engineering problems where it is important to predict the temperature distribution in porous materials under various operating conditions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пористая среда</kwd><kwd>течение жидкости</kwd><kwd>теплообмен</kwd><kwd>трижды периодическая минимальная поверхность</kwd><kwd>гироид</kwd><kwd>метод конечных разностей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>porous medium</kwd><kwd>fluid flow</kwd><kwd>heat transfer</kwd><kwd>triply periodic minimal surface</kwd><kwd>gyroid</kwd><kwd>finite difference method</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет Российского научного фонда, грант № 23-79-10044, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-10044/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 23-79-10044, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-10044/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов И.А., Гортышов Ю.Ф., Олимпиев В.В. Промышленное применение интенсификации теплообмена – современное состояние проблемы (Обзор). Теплоэнергетика. 2012;1:3–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov I.A., Gortyshov Yu.F., Olimpiev V.V. Industrial application of heat transfer enhancement: The modern state of the problem (a Review). Therm. Eng. 2012;59(1):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601512010119 [Original Russian Text: Popov I.A., Gortyshov Yu.F., Olimpiev V.V. Industrial application of heat transfer enhancement: The modern state of the problem (a Review). Teploenergetika. 2012;1:3–14 (in Russ.).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соловьев С.А., Соловьева О.В., Шакурова Р.З., Голубев Я.П. Обзор применения высокопористых ячеистых теплообменников. Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2024;26(1):165–194. https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2024-26-1-165-194</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solovev S.A., Soloveva O.V., Shakurova R.Z., Golubev Ya.P. Overview of the application of open cell foam heat exchangers. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. PROBLEMY ENERGETIKI = Power Engineering: Research, Equipment, Technology. 2024;26(1):165–194 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2024-26-1-165-194</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кугатов П.В. Использование пористых углеродных материалов в качестве носителей для катализаторов. Башкирский химический журнал. 2011;18(1):98–105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kugatov P.V. Use of porous carbon materials as carriers for catalysts. Bashkirskii khimicheskii zhurnal = Bashkir Chemical Journal. 2011;18(1):98–105 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тестоедов Н.А., Наговицин В.Н., Пермяков М.Ю. Применение трехслойных сотовых конструкций в космических аппаратах. Сибирский аэрокосмический журнал. 2016;17(1):200–211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Testoedov N.A., Nagovitsin V.N., Permyakov M.Yu. Spacecraft application of three layer honeycomb structures. Sibirskii aerokosmicheskii zhurnal = Siberian Aerospace Journal. 2016;17(1):200–211 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соловьева О.В., Соловьев С.А., Шакурова Р.З. Обзор современных керамических ячеистых материалов и композитов, применяемых в теплотехнике. Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2023;25(1): 82–104. https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2023-25-1-82-104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solovev S.A., Soloveva O.V., Shakurova R.Z. Review of modern ceramic cellular materials and composites used in heat engineering. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. PROBLEMY ENERGETIKI = Power Engineering: Research, Equipment, Technology. 2023;25(1):82–104 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2023-25-1-82-104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брагин Д.М., Еремин А.В., Попов А.И., Шульга А.С. Метод определения коэффициента эффективной теплопроводности пористого материала на основе минимальной поверхности типа Schoen’s I-WP(R). Вестник ИГЭУ. 2023;2: 61–68. https://doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2023.2.061-068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bragin D.M., Eremin A.V., Popov A.I., Shulga A.S. Method to determine effective thermal conductivity coefficient of porous material based on minimum surface Schoen’s I-WP(R) type. Vestnik IGEU. 2023;2:61–68 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2023.2.061-068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зинина С.А., Попов А.И., Еремин А.В. Численное решение нелинейной задачи теплопроводности в пористой пластине с упорядоченной макроструктурой. Вестник ТвГУ. Серия: Прикладная математика. 2024;1:53–67. https://doi.org/10.26456/vtpmk702</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zinina S.A., Popov A.I., Eremin A.V. Numerical solution of the nonlinear problem of thermal conductivity in a porous plate with an ordered macrostructure. Vestnik TvGU. Seriya: Prikladnaya matematika = Herald of Tver State University. Ser.: Appl. Math. 2024;1:53–67. https://doi.org/10.26456/vtpmk702</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов А.И. Разработка тепловой изоляции с упорядоченной структурой, основанной на ТПМП Неовиуса. Вестник ИГЭУ. 2022;6:58–68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov A.I. Development of thermal insulation with ordered structure based on Neovius TPMS. Vestnik IGEU. 2022;6:58–68 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Ketan O., Abu Al-Rub R.K. Multifunctional mechanical metamaterials based on triply periodic minimal surface lattices. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2019;21(10):1900524. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900524</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Ketan O., Abu Al-Rub R.K. Multifunctional mechanical metamaterials based on triply periodic minimal surface lattices. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2019;21(10):1900524. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900524</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schoen A.H. Reflections concerning triply-periodic minimal surfaces. Interface Focus. 2012;2(5):658–668. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2012.0023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schoen A.H. Reflections concerning triply-periodic minimal surfaces. Interface Focus. 2012;2(5):658–668. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2012.0023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abueidda D.W., Bakir M., Al-Rub R.K.A., Bergström J.S., Sobh N.A., Jasiuk I. Mechanical properties of 3D printed polymeric cellular materials with triply periodic minimal surface architectures. Materials &amp; Design. 2017;122(9):255–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.03.018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abueidda D.W., Bakir M., Al-Rub R.K.A., Bergström J.S., Sobh N.A., Jasiuk I. Mechanical properties of 3D printed polymeric cellular materials with triply periodic minimal surface architectures. Materials &amp; Design. 2017;122(9):255–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.03.018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карташов Э.М. Математические модели теплопроводности с двухфазным запаздыванием. Инженерно-физический журнал. 2016;89(2):338–349.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kartashov E.M. Mathematical models of heat conduction with two-phase lag. J. Eng. Phys. Thermophys. 2016;89(2): 346–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10891-016-1385-9 [Original Russian Text: Kartashov E.M. Mathematical models of heat conduction with two-phase lag. Inzhenerno-fizicheskii zhurnal. 2016;89(2):338–349 (in Russ.).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карташов Э.М., Кротов Г.С. Аналитическое решение однофазной задачи Стефана. Математическое моделирование. 2008;20(3):77–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kartashov E.M., Krotov G.S. Analytical solution of single-phase Stefan problem. Math. Models Comput. Simul. 2009;1(2):180–188. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070048209020021 [Original Russian Text: Kartashov E.M., Krotov G.S. Analytical solution of single-phase Stefan problem. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie. 2008;20(3):77–86 (in Russ.).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карташов Э.М. Аналитические подходы к исследованиям нестационарной теплопроводности для частично ограниченных областей. Теплофизика высоких температур. 2020;58(3):402–411. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0040364420030084</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kartashov E.M. Analytical approaches to the analysis of unsteady heat conduction for partially bounded regions. High Temp. 2020;58(3):377–385. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0018151X20030086 [Original Russian Text: Kartashov E.M. Analytical approaches to the analysis of unsteady heat conduction for partially bounded regions. Teplofizika vysokikh temperatur. 2020;58(3):402–411 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0040364420030084]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коренченко А.Е., Жукова А.А. Испарение жидкой лежащей капли в условиях вынужденной конвекции. Russ. Technol. J. 2021;9(5):57–66. https://doi.org/10.32362/2500-316X-2021-9-5-57-66</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korenchenko A.E., Zhukova A.A. Evaporation of a liquid sessile droplet subjected to forced convection. Russ. Technol. J. 2021;9(5):57–66 https://doi.org/10.32362/2500-316X-2021-9-5-57-66</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глинский И.А., Зенченко Н.В., Мальцев П.П. Тепловое моделирование терагерцового квантового-каскадного лазера на основе наногетероструктуры GaAs/AlGaAs. Rossiiskii Tekhnologicheskii Zhurnal. 2016;4(3):27–36. https://doi.org/10.32362/2500-316X-2016-4-3-27-36</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glinskiy I.A., Zenchenko N.V., Maltsev P.P. Thermal modelling of terahertz Quantum-cascade laser based on nanoheterostructures GaAs/AlGaAs. Rossiiskii Tekhnologicheskii Zhurnal. 2016;4(3):27–36 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.32362/2500-316X-2016-4-3-27-36</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayashi K., Kishida R., Tsuchiya A., Ishikawa K. Superiority of triply periodic minimal surface gyroid structure to strutbased grid structure in both strength and bone regeneration. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2023;15(29):34570–34577. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c06263</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayashi K., Kishida R., Tsuchiya A., Ishikawa K. Superiority of triply periodic minimal surface gyroid structure to strutbased grid structure in both strength and bone regeneration. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2023;15(29):34570–34577. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c06263</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chouhan G., Bala Murali G. Designs, advancements, and applications of three-dimensional printed gyroid structures: A review. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering. 2024;238(2):965–987. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089231160030</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chouhan G., Bala Murali G. Designs, advancements, and applications of three-dimensional printed gyroid structures: A review. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering. 2024;238(2):965–987. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089231160030</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wakao N., Kagei S. Heat and Mass Transfer in Packed Beds. Taylor &amp; Francis; 1982. 364 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wakao N., Kagei S. Heat and Mass Transfer in Packed Beds. Taylor &amp; Francis; 1982. 364 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popov A.I. Heat Transfer Solver. V. 1. Mendeley Data. 2024. https://doi.org/10.17632/kcn33tr7sb.1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov A.I. Heat Transfer Solver. V. 1. Mendeley Data. 2024. https://doi.org/10.17632/kcn33tr7sb.1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bragin D.M., Popov A.I., Eremin A.V. The thermal conductivity properties of porous materials based on TPMS. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer. 2024;231:125863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.125863</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bragin D.M., Popov A.I., Eremin A.V. The thermal conductivity properties of porous materials based on TPMS. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer. 2024;231:125863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.125863</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
