mireabulletinRussian Technological JournalRussian Technological Journal2782-32102500-316XRTU MIREA10.32362/2500-316X-2025-13-4-7-24WLFGJJmireabulletin-1207Research ArticleИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ. ИНФОРМАТИКА. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИINFORMATION SYSTEMS. COMPUTER SCIENCES. ISSUES OF INFORMATION SECURITYКомплекс программно-вычислительных средств моделирования терапевтических величин поглощенных доз в задачах лучевой терапииProgramming and computing suite for simulating the therapeutic absorbed dose in radiotherapyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-3725СоловьевА. Н.SolovevAleksei N.

Соловьев Алексей Николаевич, к.ф.-м.н., заведующий лабораторией медицинской радиационной физики отдела радиационной биофизики; доцент, кафедра радионуклидной медицины

249031, Калужская область, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, д. 10; 249039, Калужская область, городской округ «Город Обнинск», тер. Студгородок, д. 1

Scopus Author ID 57215856302

ResearcherID O-6340-2014

Aleksei N. Solovev, Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Head of Laboratory of Medical Radiation Physics, Radiation Biophysics Department; Associate Professor, Radionuclide Medicine Department

10, Marshala Zhukova ul., Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249031; 1, Studgorodok, Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249039 

Scopus Author ID 57215856302

ResearcherID O-6340-2014

salonf@mrrc.obninsk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-0404-820XКизиловаЯ. В.KizilovaYana V.

Кизилова Яна Владимировна, научный сотрудник, лаборатория медицинской радиационной физики отдела радиационной биофизики

249031, Калужская область, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, д. 10

Yana V. Kizilova, Researcher, Laboratory of Medical Radiation Physics, Radiation Biophysics Department

10, Marshala Zhukova ul., Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249031

cobaltcorsair@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-4178-6242КазаковЕ. И.KazakovEvgeniy I.

Казаков Евгений Игоревич, инженер, лаборатория разработки и эксплуатации облучающей техники отдела радиационной биофизики

249031, Калужская область, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, д. 10

Evgeniy I. Kazakov, Engineer, Laboratory of Development and Operation of Radiation Equipment, Radiation Biophysics Department

10, Marshala Zhukova ul., Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249031 

ekazakof@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0128-4538КорякинС. Н.KoryakinSergey N.

Корякин Сергей Николаевич, к.б.н., заведующий отделом радиационной биофизики; доцент, кафедра радионуклидной медицины; 

249031, Калужская область, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, д. 10; 249039, Калужская область, городской округ «Город Обнинск», тер. Студгородок, д. 1

 Scopus Author ID 6603357340

Sergey N. Koryakin, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Radiation Biophysics Department; Associate Professor, Radionuclide Medicine Department

10, Marshala Zhukova ul., Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249031; 1, Studgorodok, Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249039 

Scopus Author ID 6603357340

korsernic@mail.ruМедицинский радиологический научный центр имени А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Обнинский институт атомной энергетики — филиал ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»РоссияA. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power EngineeringRussian FederationМедицинский радиологический научный центр имени А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияA. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202506082025134724Copyright © Соловьев А.Н., Кизилова Я.В., Казаков Е.И., Корякин С.Н., 20252025Соловьев А.Н., Кизилова Я.В., Казаков Е.И., Корякин С.Н.Solovev A.N., Kizilova Y.V., Kazakov E.I., Koryakin S.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1207Цели

Цели. Моделирование поглощенных доз в радиотерапии является ключевым процессом в ходе лечения пациентов, а также выполняется с целью обеспечения гарантий качества терапии и ретроспективных оценок успешности проведенного лечения. С технической точки зрения предъявляемые требования к программному и аппаратному обеспечению весьма строгие для того, чтобы обеспечить успешный процесс принятия решения до, во время или после проведения терапии. Цель статьи – разработка и апробация технологического процесса обеспечения систем планирования лучевой терапии, а также создание расчетных модулей оценок поглощенных доз радиобиологического и терапевтического назначения.

Методы

Методы. Специализированное автоматизированное программное обеспечение, разработанное и поддерживаемое для обеспечения многоцелевых расчетов методом Монте-Карло, построено на основе технологий виртуализации для структурированного доступа к оборудованию, технологий передачи данных по разнородным каналам связи, различных физических моделей расчета взаимодействий излучения, которые совмещены в продукты для конечного пользователя.

Результаты

Результаты. Комплекс позволяет решать широкий круг задач в интересах радиобиологических исследований, проводимых на пучках излучений разного качества, а также служить основой как для построения систем планирования лучевой терапии для действующих и вновь создаваемых установок, так и в интересах оценки отдаленных последствий действия терапевтического излучения.

Выводы

Выводы. Разработанный комплекс программно-вычислительных средств является мощным инструментом, служащим для дальнейшего создания специализированных многоцелевых сред оценок поглощенных доз, необходимых для терапевтического применения широкого круга радиационных технологий. Комплекс может быть модернизирован под потребности пользователей, а также дорабатываться разработчиками программного обеспечения под собственные нужды.

Objectives

Objectives. Simulation of the absorbed dose is an essential part of radiation therapeutic treatment, performed not only for its correct evaluation, but also for assuring quality control and retrospective evaluation of the provided cure. From the technological point of view, strict requirements are imposed on the software applications and hardware units that support a successful decision-making process before, during, or after the provided therapy. This paper reports an R&D project aimed at technological support of radiation treatment planning systems coupled with the creation of a mathematical framework for estimating the absorbed dose for radiobiological and medical therapeutic purposes.

Methods

Methods. Adedicated automated software suite for executing multipurpose Monte Carlo simulations was developed. The suite is backed up with virtualization techniques for structured hardware access, data intercommunication using diverse connection channels, various physical interaction engines, and coupled end-user software.

Results

Results. The developed suite facilitates a wide array of tasks in the realm of radiobiological research conducted using radiation beams of different qualities. Additionally, it serves as a foundation toolkit for developing radiotherapy planning systems for both existing and new therapeutic facilities, as well as software packages for estimation of the long-term effects of the conducted radiotherapy.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The developed programming and computing suite is an effective tool for organizing a specialized environment for multipurpose estimation of the absorbed dose of radiation for therapeutic applications of radiation beams of different qualities. The suite can be updated and extended upon end-user needs and modified by skilled software developers for specific purposes.

программно-аппаратный комплексмоделирование физических величинпоглощенная дозалучевая терапияпротонная терапиянейтронная терапияметод Монте-Карлоprogramming and computing suitephysics-based simulationabsorbed doseradiotherapyproton therapyneutron therapyMonte Carlo methodReferencesМардынский Ю.С., Гулидов И.А., Гордон К.Б., Корякин С.Н., Соловьёв А.Н., Сабуров В.О., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д., Лобжанидзе Т.К., Марков Н.В., Железнов И.М., Юрков Д.И., Герасимчук О.А., Пресняков А.Ю., Зверев В.И., Смирнов В.П. Дистанционная нейтронная терапия: первый отечественный медицинский комплекс. Вестник Российской Академии Наук. 2024;94(1):80–86. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869587324010098Mardynsky Yu.S., Gulidov I.А., Gordon K.B., Кoryakin S.N., Solovyov А.N., Saburov V.О., Ivanov S.А., Kaprin А.D., Lobzhanidze Т.K., Маrkov N.V., Zheleznov I.М., Yurkov D.I., Gerasimchuk О.А., Presnyakov А.Yu., Zverev V.I., Smirnov V.P. External-Beam Neutron Therapy: The First Domestic Medical Unit. Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk (Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences). 2024;94(1):80–86 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869587324010098Rod’ko I.I., Sarychev G.A., Balakirev P.V., et al. Development of a Radiotherapy System Based on 6 MeV Linac and Cone-Beam Computer Tomograph. At. Energy. 2019;125(5):333–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-019-00490-9Rod’ko I.I., Sarychev G.A., Balakirev P.V., et al. Development of a Radiotherapy System Based on 6 MeV Linac and ConeBeam Computer Tomograph. At. Energy. 2019;125(5):333–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-019-00490-9Inaniwa T., Kanematsu N., Noda K., Kamada T. Treatment planning of intensity modulated composite particle therapy with dose and linear energy transfer optimization. Phys. Med. Biol. 2017;62(12):5180–5197. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aa68d7Inaniwa T., Kanematsu N., Noda K., Kamada T. Treatment planning of intensity modulated composite particle therapy with dose and linear energy transfer optimization. Phys. Med. Biol. 2017;62(12):5180–5197. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aa68d7Krämer M. Swift ions in radiotherapy – Treatment planning with TRiP98. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 2009;267(6):989–992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.02.015Krämer M. Swift ions in radiotherapy – Treatment planning with TRiP98. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 2009;267(6):989–992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.02.015Elyutina A.S., Kiger W.S., Portnov A.A. NCTPlan application for neutron capture therapy dosimetric planning at MEPhI nuclear research reactor. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2011;69(12):1888–1891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.04.018Elyutina A.S., Kiger W.S., Portnov A.A. NCTPlan application for neutron capture therapy dosimetric planning at MEPhI nuclear research reactor. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2011;69(12):1888–1891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.04.018Takeuchi A., Hirose K., Kato R., Komori S., Sato M., Motoyanagi T., Yamazaki Y., Narita Y., Takai Y., Kato T. Evaluation of calculation accuracy and computation time in a commercial treatment planning system for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy. Radiol. Phys. Technol. 2024;17(4):907–917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-024-00833-7Takeuchi A., Hirose K., Kato R., Komori S., Sato M., Motoyanagi T., Yamazaki Y., Narita Y., Takai Y., Kato T. Evaluation of calculation accuracy and computation time in a commercial treatment planning system for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy. Radiol. Phys. Technol. 2024;17(4):907–917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-024-00833-7Tenk Y.C., Chen J., Zhong W.B., Lio Y.H. HU-based material conversion for BNCT accurate dose estimation. Sci. Rep. 2023;13:15701. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42508-0Tenk Y.C., Chen J., Zhong W.B., Lio Y.H. HU-based material conversion for BNCT accurate dose estimation. Sci. Rep. 2023;13:15701 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42508-0Allison J., Amako K., Apostolakis J., et al. Recent developments in Geant4. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2016;835:186–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125Allison J., Amako K., Apostolakis J., et al. Recent developments in Geant4. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2016;835:186–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125Ahdida C., Bozzato D., Calzolari D., et al. New Capabilities of the FLUKA Multi-Purpose Code. Front. Phys. 2022;9:788253. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2021.788253Ahdida C., Bozzato D., Calzolari D., et al. New Capabilities of the FLUKA Multi-Purpose Code. Front. Phys. 2022;9:788253. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2021.788253Rising M.E., Armstrong J.C., Bolding S.R., et al. MCNP® Code V.6.3.0 Release Notes. Tech. Rep. LA-UR-22-33103, Rev. 1. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA. 2023. 55 p. URL: CoverSheetRising M.E., Armstrong J.C., Bolding S.R., et al. MCNP® Code V.6.3.0 Release Notes. Tech. Rep. LA-UR-22-33103, Rev. 1. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA. 2023. 55 p. URL: CoverSheetSato T., Iwamoto Y., Hashimoto S., et al. Recent improvements of the particle and heavy ion transport code system – PHITS version 3.33. J. Nuclear Sci. Technol. 2023;61(1):127–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2023.2275736Sato T., Iwamoto Y., Hashimoto S., et al. Recent improvements of the particle and heavy ion transport code system – PHITS version 3.33. J. Nuclear Sci. Technol. 2023;61(1):127–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2023.2275736Bassler N., Hansen D.C., Lühr A., Thomsen B., Petersen J.B., Sobolevsky N. SHIELD-HIT12A – a Monte Carlo particle transport program for ion therapy research. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2014;489:012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/489/1/012004Bassler N., Hansen D.C., Lühr A., Thomsen B., Petersen J.B., Sobolevsky N. SHIELD-HIT12A – a Monte Carlo particle transport program for ion therapy research. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2014;489:012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/489/1/012004Muraro S., Battistoni G., Kraan A.C. Challenges in Monte Carlo Simulations as Clinical and Research Tool in Particle Therapy: A Review. Front. Phys. 2020;8:567800. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.567800Muraro S., Battistoni G., Kraan A.C. Challenges in Monte Carlo Simulations as Clinical and Research Tool in Particle Therapy: A Review. Front. Phys. 2020;8:567800. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.567800Petringa G., Romano F., Manti L., et al. Radiobiological quantities in proton-therapy: Estimation and validation using Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations. Phys. Med. 2019;58:72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.01.018Petringa G., Romano F., Manti L., et al. Radiobiological quantities in proton-therapy: Estimation and validation using Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations. Phys. Med. 2019;58:72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.01.018Troshina M.V., Koryakina E.V., Potetnya V.I., Koryakin S.N., Pikalov V.A., Antipov Yu.M. Induction of chromosome aberrations in B14-150 cells following carbon ions irradiation at low doses. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2020;1701:012029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1701/1/012029Troshina M.V., Koryakina E.V., Potetnya V.I., Koryakin S.N., Pikalov V.A., Antipov Yu.M. Induction of chromosome aberrations in B14-150 cells following carbon ions irradiation at low doses. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2020;1701:012029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1701/1/012029Kyriakou I., Sakata D., Tran H.N., et al. Review of the Geant4-DNA simulation toolkit for radiobiological applications at the cellular and DNA level. Cancers. 2022;14(1):35. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010035Kyriakou I., Sakata D., Tran H.N., et al. Review of the Geant4-DNA simulation toolkit for radiobiological applications at the cellular and DNA level. Cancers. 2022;14(1):35. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010035Chatzipapas K., Dordevic M., Zivkovic S., et al. Geant4-DNA simulation of human cancer cells irradiation with helium ion beams. Phys. Med. 20233;112:102613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102613Chatzipapas K., Dordevic M., Zivkovic S., et al. Geant4-DNA simulation of human cancer cells irradiation with helium ion beams. Phys. Med. 20233;112:102613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102613Pisciotta P., Cammarata F.P., Stefano A., et al. Monte Carlo GEANT4-based application for in vivo RBE study using small animals at LNS-INFN preclinical hadrontherapy facility. Phys. Med. 2018;54:173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.07.003Pisciotta P., Cammarata F.P., Stefano A., et al. Monte Carlo GEANT4-based application for in vivo RBE study using small animals at LNS-INFN preclinical hadrontherapy facility. Phys. Med. 2018;54:173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.07.003Taha E., Djouider F., Banoqitah E. Monte Carlo simulations for dose enhancement in cancer treatment using bismuth oxide nanoparticles implanted in brain soft tissue. Australas. Phys. Eng. Sci. Med. 2018;41:363–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-018-0633-zTaha E., Djouider F., Banoqitah E. Monte Carlo simulations for dose enhancement in cancer treatment using bismuth oxide nanoparticles implanted in brain soft tissue. Australas. Phys. Eng. Sci. Med. 2018;41:363–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-018-0633-zCadini F., De Sanctis J., Girotti T., Zio E., Luce A., Taglioni A. Monte Carlo-based assessment of the safety performance of a radioactive waste repository. Reliability Engineering & System Safety (RESS). 2010;95(8):859–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2010.04.002Cadini F., De Sanctis J., Girotti T., Zio E., Luce A., Taglioni A. Monte Carlo-based assessment of the safety performance of a radioactive waste repository. Reliability Engineering & System Safety (RESS). 2010;95(8):859–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2010.04.002Geng C., Tang X., Gong C., Guan F., Johns J., Shu D., Chen D. AMonte Carlo-based radiation safety assessment for astronauts in an environment with confined magnetic field shielding. J. Radiol. Prot. 2015;35(4):777. https://doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/35/4/777Geng C., Tang X., Gong C., Guan F., Johns J., Shu D., Chen D. AMonte Carlo-based radiation safety assessment for astronauts in an environment with confined magnetic field shielding. J. Radiol. Prot. 2015;35(4):777. https://doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/35/4/777Archer J.W., Large M.J., Bolst D., et al. A multiscale nanodosimetric study of GCR protons and alpha particles in the organs of astronauts on the lunar surface Rad. Phys. Chem. 2025;229:112448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112448Archer J.W., Large M.J., Bolst D., et al. A multiscale nanodosimetric study of GCR protons and alpha particles in the organs of astronauts on the lunar surface Rad. Phys. Chem. 2025;229:112448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112448Чернуха А.Е., Сабуров В.О., Адарова А.И., Соловьев А.Н., Кизилова Я.В., Корякин С.Н. Трехмерные модели и дополнение геометрии для оценки доз в лучевой кабине нейтронной терапии на базе генератора НГ-24МТ. Известия вузов. Ядерная энергетика. 2022;3:158–167. https://doi.org/10.26583/npe.2022.3.14Chernukha A.E., Saburov V.O., Adarova A.I., Solovev A.N., Kizilova Yu.V., Koryakin S.N. Three-Dimensional Models and Complimentary Geometry for Dose Evaluation in NG-24MT Based Neutron Radiotherapy Cabinet. Izvestiya vuzov. Yadernaya energetika. 2022;3:158–167 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.26583/npe.2022.3.14Koryakin S., Isaeva E., Beketov E., Solovev A., Ulyanenko L., Fedorov V., Lityaev V., Ulyanenko S. The photon capture therapy model for in vivo and in vitro studies using Au nanocomposites with the hyaluronic acid based compounds. RAD Journal. 2017;2(2):86–89. http://doi.org/10.21175/RadJ.2017.02.019Koryakin S., Isaeva E., Beketov E., Solovev A., Ulyanenko L., Fedorov V., Lityaev V., Ulyanenko S. The photon capture therapy model for in vivo and in vitro studies using Au nanocomposites with the hyaluronic acid based compounds. RAD Journal. 2017;2(2):86–89. http://doi.org/10.21175/RadJ.2017.02.019Solovyev A.N., Fedorov V.V., Kharlov V.I., Stepanova U.A. Comparative analysis of MCNPX and GEANT4 codes for fastneutron radiation treatment planning. Nuclear Energy Technol. 2015;1(1):14–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucet.2015.11.004Solovyev A.N., Fedorov V.V., Kharlov V.I., Stepanova U.A. Comparative analysis of MCNPX and GEANT4 codes for fastneutron radiation treatment planning. Nuclear Energy Technol. 2015;1(1):14–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucet.2015.11.004Соловьев А.Н., Кизилова Я.В., Корякин С.Н. Программное средство преобразования медицинских изображений отраслевого стандарта DICOM в форматы оперативного доступа: программа для ЭВМ. Номер регистрации (свидетельства) 2023685423 РФ. Номер заявки 2023683925; заявл. 13.11.2023; опубл. 27.11.2023. Бюл. № 12. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=56012725.Solovev A.N., Kizilova Ya.V., Koryakin S.N. A Software Toolkit for DICOM Medical Standard Images Conversion to Rapid Access Formats: computer program. Registration number (certificate) 2023685423 RF. Publ. 27.11.2023 (in Russ.).Соловьев А.Н., Кизилова Я.В., Чернуха А.Е., Мерзликин Г.В., Корякин С.Н. Программное средство универсального преобразования фазовых пространств в форматы оперативного доступа: программа для ЭВМ. Номер регистрации (свидетельства) 2024660249 РФ. Номер заявки 2024618897; заявл. 24.04.2024; опубл. 03.05.2024. Бюл. № 5. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=67263924.Solovev A.N., Kizilova Ya.V., Chernukha A.E., Merzlikin G.V., Koryakin S.N. Software Toolkit for General-Purpose Phase Space Conversion to Rapid Access Formats: computer program. Registration number (certificate) 2024660249 RF. Publ. 03.05.2024 (in Russ.).Соловьев А.Н., Кизилова Я.В., Зверев В.И., Пресняков А.Ю., Корякин С.Н. Вспомогательная утилита визуальной верификации пересечений среза коллиматора с телом пациента на стадии предлучевой подготовки: программа для ЭВМ. Номер регистрации (свидетельства) 2024665975 РФ. Номер заявки 2024665975; заявл. 28.06.2024; опубл. 09.07.2024. Бюл. № 7.Solovev A.N., Kizilova Ya.V., Zverev V.I., Presnyakov A.Yu., Koryakin S.N. A Supplementary Tool for Visual-Based Verification of Cross-Section of Collimator Slice with Patient Body in the Pre-Treatment Stage: computer program. Registration number (certificate) 2024665975 RF. Publ. 09.07.2024 (in Russ.).Соловьев А.Н., Чернуха А.Е., Корякин С.Н., Пресняков А.Ю., Зверев В.И. Автоматизированное средство оптимизации полей быстрой нейтронной терапии в режиме 3D-CRT по среднеквадратичному отклонению на основе алгоритма Бройдена-Флетчера-Гольдфарба-Шанно в реализации pytorch: программа для ЭВМ. Номер регистрации (свидетельства) 2024666070 РФ. Номер заявки 2024664787; заявл. 28.06.2024; опубл. 09.07.2024. Бюл. № 7.SolovevA.N., ChernukhaA.E., Koryakin S.N., PresnyakovA.Yu., Zverev V.I. Automated Optimization Tool for Fast Neutron Therapy Using 3D-CRT Regime by Root Mean Square Deviation with Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno Algorithm Implemented in Pytorch: computer program. Registration number (certificate) 2024664787 RF. Publ. 09.07.2024 (in Russ.).Butenko A.V., Syresin E.M., Tyutyunnikov S.I., et al. Analysis of Metrological Provision Problems of a Test Stand for Testing Radio-Electronic Products for Resistance to Irradiation with High-Energy Heavy Ions. Phys. Part. Nuclei Lett. 2019;16: 734–743. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1547477119060098Butenko A.V., Syresin E.M., Tyutyunnikov S.I., et al. Analysis of Metrological Provision Problems of a Test Stand for Testing Radio-Electronic Products for Resistance to Irradiation with High-Energy Heavy Ions. Phys. Part. Nuclei Lett. 2019;16: 734–743. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1547477119060098Brun R., Rademakers F. ROOT — An object oriented data analysis framework. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 1997;389(1–2):81–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00048-XBrun R., Rademakers F. ROOT — An object oriented data analysis framework. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 1997;389(1–2):81–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00048-XГордон К.Б., Сабуров В.О., Корякин С.Н., Гулидов И.А., Фатхудинов Т.Х., Арутюнян И.В., Каприн А.Д., Соловьев А.Н. Расчет биологической эффективности протонной компоненты при нейтронном облучении 14.8 МэВ методами вычислительной биологии с использованием видеокарт. Бюллетень экспериментальной биологии и медицины. 2022;173(2):263–267. https://doi.org/10.47056/0365-9615-2022-173-2-263-267Gordon K.B., Saburov V.O., Koryakin S.N., et al. Calculation of the Biological Efficiency of the Proton Component from 14.8 MeV Neutron Irradiation in Computational Biology with Help of Video Cards. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2022;173:281–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-022-05534-y [Original Russian Text: Gordon K.B., Saburov V.O., Koryakin S.N., Gulidov I.A., Fatkhudinov T.Kh., Arutyunyan I.V., Kaprin A.D., Solov’ev A.N. Calculation of the Biological Efficiency of the Proton Component from 14.8 MeV Neutron Irradiation in Computational Biology with Help of Video Cards. Byulleten’ eksperimental’noi biologii i meditsiny. 2022;173(2):263–267 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.47056/0365-9615-2022-173-2-263-267 ]Schneider W., Bortfeld T., Schlegel W. Correlation between CT numbers and tissue parameters needed for Monte Carlo simulations of clinical dose distributions Phys. Med. Biol. 2000;45(2):459. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/45/2/314Schneider W., Bortfeld T., Schlegel W. Correlation between CT numbers and tissue parameters needed for Monte Carlo simulations of clinical dose distributions Phys. Med. Biol. 2000;45(2):459. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/45/2/314Kotb O.M., Solovev A.N., Saburov V.O., et al. Response of the FBX aqueous chemical dosimeter to high energy proton and electron beams used for radiotherapy research. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 2024;216:111451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.111451Kotb O.M., Solovev A.N., Saburov V.O., et al. Response of the FBX aqueous chemical dosimeter to high energy proton and electron beams used for radiotherapy research. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 2024;216:111451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.111451Balakin V.E., Bazhan A.I., Alexandrov V.A., et al. Updated Status of Protom Synchrotrons for Radiation Therapy. In: 27 Russian Particle Acc. Conf. (Proc. RuPAC’21, Alushta, Russia). J. Accelerator Conferences Website (JACoW) Publishing. 2021. P. 120–123. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB05Balakin V.E., Bazhan A.I., Alexandrov V.A., et al. Updated Status of Protom Synchrotrons for Radiation Therapy. In: 27 Russian Particle Acc. Conf. (Proc. RuPAC’21, Alushta, Russia). J. Accelerator Conferences Website (JACoW) Publishing. 2021. P. 120–123. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB05Южаков В.В., Корчагина К.С., Фомина Н.К., Корякин С.М., Соловьев А.Н., Ингель И.Э., Корецкая А.Е., Севанькаева Л.Е., Яковлева Н.Д., Цыганова М.Г. Действие гамма-излучения и сканирующего пучка протонов на морфофункциональные характеристики саркомы М-1 крыс. Радиациия и риск. 2020;29(2):101–114. https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2020-29-2-101-114Yuzhakov V.V., Korchagina K.S., Fomina N.K., Koryakin S.M., Solovev A.N., Ingel I.E., Koretskaya A.E., Sevankaeva L.E., Yakovleva N.D., Tsyganova M.G. Effect of gamma-radiation and scanning proton beam on the morphofunctional characteristics of rat sarcoma M-1. Radiatsiiya i risk = Radiation and Risk. 2020;29(2):101–114 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2020-29-2-101-114Соловьев А.Н., Чернуха А.Е., Потетня В.И. Программа поддержки принятия решений по радиобиологическим экспериментам на временном радиобиологическом стенде ускорительного комплекса У-70: программа для ЭВМ. Номер регистрации (свидетельства) 2020615172 РФ. Номер заявки 2020614229; заявл. 14.05.2020; опубл. 18.05.2020. Бюл. № 5. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43880348.Solovev A.N., Chernukha A.E., Potetnya V.I. The Radiobiological Experiments Decision Making Support System for Temporary Radiobiological Stand of the U-70 Accelerator Facility: computer program. Registration number (certificate) 2020615172 RF. Publ. 18.05.2020 (in Russ.).Beketov E., Isaeva E., Malakhov E., Nasedkina N., Koryakin S., Ulyanenko S., Solovev A., Lychagin A. The study of biological effectiveness of U-70 accelerator carbon ions using melanoma B-16 clonogenic assay. RAD Journal. 2017;2(2): 90–93. https://doi.org/10.21175/RadJ.2017.02.020Beketov E., Isaeva E., Malakhov E., Nasedkina N., Koryakin S., Ulyanenko S., Solovev A., Lychagin A. The study of biological effectiveness of U-70 accelerator carbon ions using melanoma B-16 clonogenic assay. RAD Journal. 2017;2(2): 90–93. https://doi.org/10.21175/RadJ.2017.02.020Соловьев А.Н., Чернуха А.Е., Трошина М.В., Лычагин А.А., Пикалов В.А., Харлов В.И., Ульяненко С.Е. Разработка средств пассивной модификации пучка ионов углерода ускорительного комплекса У-70 для радиобиологических исследований. Медицинская физика. 2016;4(72):47–54. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=27428891Solovev A.N., Chernukha A.E., Troshina M.V., Lychagin A.A. Pikalov V.A., Kharlov V.I. Design of passive beam modifiers in carbon ion beam at U-70 synchrotron facility for radiobiological studies. Meditsinskaya Fizika = Medical Physics. 2016;4(72):47–54 (in Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=27428891Заичкина С.И., Розанова О.М., Смирнова Е.Н., Дюкина А.Р., Белякова Т.А., Стрельникова Н.С., Сорокина С.С., Пикалов В.А. Оценка биологической эффективности ускоренных ионов углерода с энергией 450 МэВ/нуклон в ускорительном комплексе У-70 по критерию выживаемости мышей. Биофизика. 2019;64(6):1208–1215. http://doi.org/10.1134/S0006302919060206 [Original Russian Text: Zaichkina S.I., Rozanova O.M., Smirnova E.N., Dyukina A.R., Belyakova T.A., Strelnikova N.S., Sorokina S.S., Pikalov V.A. Assessment of the Biological Efficiency of 450 MeV/Nucleon Accelerated Carbon Ions in the U-70 Accelerator According to the Criterion of Mouse Survival. Biofizika. 2019;64(4):1208–1215 (in Russ.). http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0006302919060206 ]Zaichkina S.I., Rozanova O.M., Smirnova E.N., et al. Assessment of the Biological Efficiency of 450 MeV/Nucleon Accelerated Carbon Ions in the U-70 Accelerator According to the Criterion of Mouse Survival. BIOPHYSICS. 2019;64: 991–998. https://doi.org/10.1134/S000635091906023X [Original Russian Text: Zaichkina S.I., Rozanova O.M., Smirnova E.N., Dyukina A.R., Belyakova T.A., Strelnikova N.S., Sorokina S.S., Pikalov V.A. Assessment of the Biological Efficiency of 450 MeV/Nucleon Accelerated Carbon Ions in the U-70 Accelerator According to the Criterion of Mouse Survival. Biofizika. 2019;64(4):1208–1215 (in Russ.). http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0006302919060206 ]Kuznetsova E.A., Sirota N.P., Mitroshina I.Yu., Pikalov V.A., Smirnova E.N., Rozanova O.M., Glukhov S.I., Sirota T.V., Zaichkina S.I. DNA damage in blood leukocytes from mice irradiated with accelerated carbon ions with an energy of 450 MeV/nucleon. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2020;96(10):1245–1253. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2020.1807640Kuznetsova E.A., Sirota N.P., Mitroshina I.Yu., Pikalov V.A., Smirnova E.N., Rozanova O.M., Glukhov S.I., Sirota T.V., Zaichkina S.I. DNA damage in blood leukocytes from mice irradiated with accelerated carbon ions with an energy of 450 MeV/nucleon. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2020;96(10):1245–1253. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2020.1807640Pikalov V.A., Alexeev A.G., Antipov Y.M., Kalinin V.A., Koshelev A.V., Maximov A.V., Ovsienko M.P., Polkovnikov M.K., Soldatov A.P. The Results Obtained on “Radiobiological Stand” Facility, Working with the Extracted Carbon Ion Beam of the U-70 Accelerator. In: 27 Russian Particle Acc. Conf. (Proc. RuPAC’21, Alushta, Russia). J. Accelerator Conferences Website (JACoW) Publishing. 2021. P. 124–126. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB06Pikalov V.A., Alexeev A.G., Antipov Y.M., Kalinin V.A., Koshelev A.V., Maximov A.V., Ovsienko M.P., Polkovnikov M.K., Soldatov A.P. The Results Obtained on “Radiobiological Stand” Facility, Working with the Extracted Carbon Ion Beam of the U-70 Accelerator. In: 27 Russian Particle Acc. Conf. (Proc. RuPAC’21, Alushta, Russia). J. Accelerator Conferences Website (JACoW) Publishing. 2021. P. 124–126. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB06Гаркуша В.И., Иванов С.В., Калинин В.А., Максимов А.В., Маркин А.М., Новоскольцев Ф.Н., Пикалов В.А., Солдатов А.П., Синюков Р.Ю. Создание каналов пучков ионов углерода для проведения радиобиологических и предклинических исследований на ускорительном комплексе У-70. Приборы и техника эксперимента 2024;8(S2):14.Garkusha V.I., Ivanov S.V., Kalinin V.A., et al. Status of work on creating carbon ion beam channels for radiobiological and preclinical studies at the U-70 accelerator complex. Instrum. Exp. Tech. 2024;64(Suppl.2):S256–S241. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441224701768 [Original Russian Text: Garkusha V.I., Ivanov S.V., Kalinin V.A., Maksimov A.V., Markin A.M., Novoskol’tsev F.N., Pikalov V.A., Soldatov A.P., Sinyukov R.Yu. Status of work on creating carbon ion beam channels for radiobiological and preclinical studies at the U-70 accelerator complex. Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta. 2024;8(S2):14 (in Russ.).]Meffe G., Votta C., Turco G., Chillè E., et al. Impact of data transfer between treatment planning systems on dosimetric parameters. Phys. Med. 2024;121:103369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103369Meffe G., Votta C., Turco G., Chillè E., et al. Impact of data transfer between treatment planning systems on dosimetric parameters. Phys. Med. 2024;121:103369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103369Mosleh Shirazi M.A., Faghihi R., Siavashpour Z., Nedaie H.A., Mehdizadeg S., Sina S. Independent evaluation of an in-house brachytherapy treatment planning system using simulation, measurement and calculation methods. J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 2012;13(2):103–112. https://doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v13i2.3687Mosleh Shirazi M.A., Faghihi R., Siavashpour Z., Nedaie H.A., Mehdizadeg S., Sina S. Independent evaluation of an in-house brachytherapy treatment planning system using simulation, measurement and calculation methods. J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 2012;13(2):103–112. https://doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v13i2.3687Kumada H., Takada K., Aihara T., Matsumura A., Sakurai H., Sakae T. Verification for dose estimation performance of a Monte-Carlo based treatment planning system in University of Tsukuba. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2021;166:109222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109222Kumada H., Takada K., Aihara T., Matsumura A., Sakurai H., Sakae T. Verification for dose estimation performance of a Monte-Carlo based treatment planning system in University of Tsukuba. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2021;166:109222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109222Moyers M.F., Lin J., Li J., Chen H., Shen Z. Optimization of the planning process with an in-house treatment information, management, and planning system. Radiat. Med. Protect. 2022;3(3):102–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmp.2022.07.004Moyers M.F., Lin J., Li J., Chen H., Shen Z. Optimization of the planning process with an in-house treatment information, management, and planning system. Radiat. Med. Protect. 2022;3(3):102–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmp.2022.07.004Shao Y., Gui J., Wang J., et al. Novel in-house knowledge-based automated planning system for lung cancer treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Strahlenther. Onkol. 2023;200(11):967–982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-023-02126-1Shao Y., Gui J., Wang J., et al. Novel in-house knowledge-based automated planning system for lung cancer treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Strahlenther. Onkol. 2023;200(11):967–982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-023-02126-1Guo Y., Liu Z., Feng S., Cai H., Zhang Q. Clinical Viability of an Active Spot Scanning Beam Delivery System with a Newly Developed Carbon-Ion Treatment Planning System. Adv. Radiat. Oncol. 2024;9(7):101503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2024.101503Guo Y., Liu Z., Feng S., Cai H., Zhang Q. Clinical Viability of an Active Spot Scanning Beam Delivery System with a Newly Developed Carbon-Ion Treatment Planning System. Adv. Radiat. Oncol. 2024;9(7):101503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2024.101503Калыганова Н.В., Киселев В.А., Кашенцева Н.В., Удалов Ю.Д., Гриценко С.Е. Сравнение дозиметрических характеристик планов протонной и лучевой терапии с модуляцией интенсивности при глиобластоме головного мозга. В сб.: Ильинские чтения 2022: Сборник материалов школы-конференции молодых ученых и специалистов. М., 2022. С. 141–142. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49488724KalyganovaN.V., KiselevV.A., KashentsevaN.V., UdalovYu.D., GritsenkoS.E. Comparison of dosimetric properties of proton and intensity modulated radiotherapy for glioblastomes. In: Il’inskie chteniya 2022: Proceedings of the School-Conference of Young Scientists and Specialists. Moscow, 2022. P. 141–142 (in Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49488724Okada S., Murakami K., Amako K., et al. GPU Acceleration of Monte Carlo Simulation at the Cellular and DNA Levels. In: Chen Y.W., Torro C., Tanaka S., Howlett R. (Eds.). Innovation in Medicine and Healthcare 2015. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer; 2016. V. 45. P. 323–332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23024-529Okada S., Murakami K., Amako K., et al. GPU Acceleration of Monte Carlo Simulation at the Cellular and DNA Levels. In book series: Chen Y.W., Torro C., Tanaka S., Howlett R. (Eds.). Innovation in Medicine and Healthcare 2015. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer; 2016. V. 45. P. 323–332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23024-5_29Okada S., Murakami K., Incerti S., Amako K., Sasaki T. MPEXS-DNA, A new GPU-based Monte Carlo simulator for track structure and radiation chemistry at subcellular scale. Med. Phys. 2019;46(3):1483–1500. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.13370Okada S., Murakami K., Incerti S., Amako K., Sasaki T. MPEXS-DNA, A new GPU-based Monte Carlo simulator for track structure and radiation chemistry at subcellular scale. Med. Phys. 2019;46(3):1483–1500. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.13370Qin N., Shen C., Tasi M.Y., et al. Full Monte Carlo–Based Biologic Treatment Plan Optimization System for Intensity Modulated Carbon Ion Therapy on Graphics Processing Unit. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2018;100(1):235–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.09.002Qin N., Shen C., Tasi M.Y., et al. Full Monte Carlo–Based Biologic Treatment Plan Optimization System for Intensity Modulated Carbon Ion Therapy on Graphics Processing Unit. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2018;100(1):235–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.09.002Franciosini G., Carlotti D., Cattani F., et al. IOeRT conventional and FLASH treatment planning system implementation exploiting fast GPU Monte Carlo: The case of breast cancer. Phys. Med. 2024;121:103346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103346Franciosini G., Carlotti D., Cattani F., et al. IOeRT conventional and FLASH treatment planning system implementation exploiting fast GPU Monte Carlo: The case of breast cancer. Phys. Med. 2024;121:103346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103346Magro G., Mein S., Kopp B., et al. FRoG dose computation meets Monte Carlo accuracy for proton therapy dose calculation in lung. Phys. Med. 2021;88;66–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.05.021Magro G., Mein S., Kopp B., et al. FRoG dose computation meets Monte Carlo accuracy for proton therapy dose calculation in lung. Phys. Med. 2021;88;66–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.05.021Yagi M., Tsubouchi T., Hamatani N., Takashina M., Maruo H., Fujitaka S., et al. Commissioning a newly developed treatment planning system, VQA Plan, for fast-raster scanning of carbon-ion beams. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(5):e0268087. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268087Yagi M., Tsubouchi T., Hamatani N., Takashina M., Maruo H., Fujitaka S., et al. Commissioning a newly developed treatment planning system, VQA Plan, for fast-raster scanning of carbon-ion beams. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(5):e0268087. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268087Lu Y., Sigov A., Ratkin L, Ivanov L.A., Zuo M. Quantum computing and industrial information integration: A review. J. Ind. Inform. Integr. 2023;35:100511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2023.100511Lu Y., Sigov A., Ratkin L, Ivanov L.A., Zuo M. Quantum computing and industrial information integration: A review. J. Ind. Inform. Integr. 2023;35:100511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2023.100511Giraud P., Bibault J.E. Artificial intelligence in radiotherapy: Current applications and future trends. Diagn. Interv. Imaging. 2024;105(12):475–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2024.06.001Giraud P., Bibault J.E. Artificial intelligence in radiotherapy: Current applications and future trends. Diagn. Interv. Imaging. 2024;105(12):475–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2024.06.001

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.