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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mireabulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Technological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Technological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3210</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-316X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RTU MIREA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2500-316X-2025-13-2-132-142</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EATLRM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mireabulletin-1132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математическое моделирование технологических параметров порошковой лазерной наплавки на основе аппроксимации профиля дорожки напыления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical modeling of technological parameters of laser powder surfacing based on approximation of the deposition track profile</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soloviev</surname><given-names>Mikhail E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьев Михаил Евгеньевич, д.ф.-м.н. профессор, кафедра информационных систем и технологий, Институт цифровых систем</p><p>150023, Ярославль, Московский пр-т, д. 88</p><p>Scopus AuthorID 57190224257;</p><p>ResearcherID A-4328-2014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail E. Soloviev, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Institute of Digital Systems</p><p>88, Moskovskii pr., Yaroslavl, 150023 </p><p>Scopus Author ID 57190224257;</p><p>ResearcherID A-4328-2014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">me_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9861-1531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>Denis V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малышев Денис Владимирович, ассистент, кафедра информационных систем и технологий, Институт цифровых систем</p><p>150023, Ярославль, Московский пр-т, д. 88</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Malyshev, Assistant, Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Institute of Digital Systems</p><p>88, Moskovskii pr., Yaroslavl, 150023 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">deniscs49@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-7979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балдаев</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baldaev</surname><given-names>Sergey L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балдаев Сергей Львович, к.т.н., заместитель генерального директора по технологиям</p><p>108851, Москва, г. Щербинка, ул. Южная, д. 9А</p><p>ResearcherID B-8056-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey L. Baldaev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy General Director</p><p>9A, Yuzhnaya ul., Shcherbinka, Moscow, 108851</p><p>ResearcherID B-8056-2018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.baldaev@tspc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9084-8771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балдаев</surname><given-names>Л. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baldaev</surname><given-names>Lev Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балдаев Лев Христофорович, д.т.н., генеральный директор</p><p>108851, Москва, г. Щербинка, ул. Южная, д. 9А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lev Kh. Baldaev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), General Director</p><p>9A, Yuzhnaya ul., Shcherbinka, Moscow, 108851</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l.baldaev@tspc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный технический университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl State Technical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «Технологические системы защитных покрытий»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Technological Systems of Protective Coatings<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соловьев М.Е., Малышев Д.В., Балдаев С.Л., Балдаев Л.Х., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соловьев М.Е., Малышев Д.В., Балдаев С.Л., Балдаев Л.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soloviev M.E., Malyshev D.V., Baldaev S.L., Baldaev L.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1132">https://www.rtj-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1132</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Лазерная порошковая наплавка – перспективная технология в машиностроении, позволяющая эффективно восстанавливать изношенные поверхности деталей и создавать специальные покрытия с ценными свойствами. Методы математического моделирования имеют решающее значение в исследовании и развитии технологии лазерной наплавки. Процесс нанесения порошкового покрытия предполагает перемещение распылительной головки относительно поверхности детали, образуя валик – дорожку напыления. Покрытия формируются путем последовательного нанесения этих дорожек. Целью исследования является изучение различных методов аппроксимации профиля и оптимизация технологических параметров в процессах порошковой лазерной наплавки.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Использованы методы математического моделирования для описания зависимостей параметров профиля дорожек напыления при лазерной наплавке от технологических параметров процесса. Получение контуров профилей сечения наплавки осуществлялось методами анализа изображений микрофотографий шлифов поперечных сечений деталей с наплавкой. Для аппроксимации кривых контуров сечений использовались методы линейного и нелинейного регрессионного анализа. Зависимость параметров контуров профилей сечения наплавки от технологических параметров напыления аппроксимировалась двухфакторным уравнением параболической регрессии. Поиск оптимальных значений технологических параметров напыления осуществляли методом условной оптимизации с линейной аппроксимацией доверительной области.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Рассмотрены три варианта аппроксимирующих функций профиля сечения дорожки наплавки, из которых была выбрана нелинейная двухпараметрическая функция. Получены отображения множества технологических параметров наплавки во множество параметров аппроксимирующей линии контура. С использованием регрессионных моделей данных отображений найдены оптимальные значения технологических параметров наплавки, обеспечивающие максимальную величину площади контура наплавки при ограничениях на долю области подплавления к общей площади сечения. Аппроксимирующая функция профиля сечения дорожки наплавки использована для расчета оптимального шага нанесения дорожек, обеспечивающего наиболее ровную поверхность наплавки.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Результаты проведенного исследования могут рассматриваться в качестве методики оптимизации технологических параметров лазерной наплавки порошковых металлов, позволяющей обеспечивать заданные характеристики профиля дорожки напыления и выбирать шаг нанесения дорожек, при котором достигается наиболее ровная поверхность наплавки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. Laser powder surfacing is a promising mechanical engineering technology used to effectively restore worn surfaces of parts and create special coatings with valuable properties. In the research and development of laser cladding technology, mathematical modeling methods are of crucial importance. The process of applying powder coating involves moving the spray head relative to the surface of the part to form a roller or spray path, whose sequential application results in the formation of coatings. The study sets out to evaluate methods of profile approximation and optimization of technological parameters in laser powder cladding processes.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. In order to describe the dependencies of the profile parameters of the deposition paths during laser surfacing on the technological parameters of the process, mathematical modeling methods were used. The contours of the profiles of the surfacing section were obtained by analyzing images of microphotographs of thin sections of the cross sections of parts with applied surfacing. To approximate the curves of the section contours, methods of linear and nonlinear regression analysis were used. The dependence of the parameters of the profile contours of the surfacing section on the technological parameters of the spraying was represented by a two-factor parabolic regression equation. The search for optimal values of spraying technological parameters was carried out using the method of conditional optimization with linear approximation of the confidence region.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A nonlinear two-parameter function was selected from three options for approximating functions of the section profile of a surfacing track. Technological surfacing parameters were mapped onto a set of parameters of the approximating contour line. Optimal values of the technological parameters of surfacing were obtained using regression models of these mappings to provide the maximum value of the area of the surfacing contour under restrictions on the proportion of the sub-melting area to the total cross-sectional area. The approximating function of the cross-sectional profile of the surfacing track was used to calculate the optimal pitch of the tracks that provides the most even surface.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results of the study represent a technique for optimizing the technological parameters of laser surfacing with powder metals to ensure specified characteristics of the deposition track profile and select the track deposition step at which the most even deposition surface is achieved.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>лазерная наплавка</kwd><kwd>контур сечения</kwd><kwd>аппроксимация</kwd><kwd>регрессионный анализ</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>laser cladding</kwd><kwd>section contour</kwd><kwd>approximation</kwd><kwd>regression analysis</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toyserkani E., Khajepour A. Corbin S. Laser Cladding. 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